Oats, Avena

Johnson, G.R. Frey, K.J. (1967). Heritabilities of quantitative attributes of oat (Avena sp.) at varying levels of environmental stress. Crop Science, 7, 43-6. 

Z. Varanini, R. Pinton, M. G. De Biasi, S. Astolfi, and A. Maggioni, Low molecular weight humic substances stimulate H -ATPase activity of plasma membrane vesicles isolated from oat (Avena sativa L.) roots. Plant Soil I53 6 (1993). 

The total monetary loss resulting from weed competition in the cereal crops was 1.3 billion annually. The most frequently reported weeds were mustards (Brassica spp.) followed by wild oats (Avena fatua L.), bromes (Bromus spp.), and wild garlic (Allium vineale L.) (11). Losses in vegetables was 5% of the total while in fruit and nuts the loss was 7% of the total. Crabgrass, bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L. )... 

Another limitation to the studies in Table 1 is the small number of plant species tested. Primarily monocotyledonous plants have been studied, although McClure et al. (26) found ferulic acid inhibitory in soybean. The restriction of studies to monocots is probably because the mechanism of mineral absorption has been more fully elucidated with monocots. Harper and Balke (32) reported some minor differences in the inhibition of K+ absorption by salicylic acid among oats (Avena sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aestlvum L.), barley, and maize roots. 

Expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis of cDNAs from specific plant tissues has proved to be a valuable tool for the identification of genes for secondary metabolite biosynthesis.36 We have used this approach to identify two distinct sequences predicted to encode OSCs from cDNA libraries from roots of diploid oat (Avena strigosa).35 One of these sequences is highly homologous to cycloartenol... 

O. crenata Forsk. Oat (Avena sativa L.) Intercropping Femandez-Aparicio et al. 2007... 

Triticum speltoides Fla Kslo. Wild oat (Avena spp.). Ts8, TslO, Ts22, Ts25 - higher amounts of DIMBOA Quader et al. 2001... 

Except direct use of allelopathic crops as cover crops, smother crops, and intercrops, applications of allelopathy for weed control include the use of allelopathic residues as an herbicide agent, e.g., pellets flours, water extracts, etc. The most common example of crop residue utilization is application of straw on the soil surface (mulching), e.g., rice straw inhibited germination of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.), winter wild oat (Avena ludoviciana Durieu), and little-seed canarygrass (Phalaris minor Retz.) (Lee et al. 1991 Tamak et al. 1994 Young et al. 1989). 

Malcherek, K., Breuer, J., Schumphan, L, and Schmidt, B., 1998, Metabolism of 4-nitrophenol in asepticaly cultivated plants of the species wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), soybean Glycine max L.), wild oat Avena fatua L.) and com cockle Agrostemma githago L.). J. Plant Physiol. 153 192-199. 

Oat Avena saliva L. Birdsfoot fenugreek Trifolium ornithopodioides L. 

We designed experiments to determine if residual concentrations of atrazine and near-threshold levels of phenolic acids have a cooperative action (51). Procedures in these studies were similar to the ones used in investigations described earlier for determining moisture-allelochemical interference, except oat (Avena sativa L.) seedlings were utilized and these were treated 9 days after germination. Ferulic acid was chosen as a representative allelochemical. Treatments of atrazine and ferulic acid were made as amendments to the nutrient solution in which the oat plants were grown. 

Mannitol has often been used as an osmotic regulator in the external solutions, and has been presumed to be inert. It was found to be a respiratory substrate in 15 of 26 species representing 17 families of higher plants, some of which were capable of utilization of mannitol that was equal to that of n-glucose and D-fructose. Oat (Avena sativa), most often used for the cell-wall studies, showed only a slight output of carbon dioxide from labeled mannitol. About 10% of the carbon in the mannitol was converted, with time, into the hemicellulose and cellulose fractions. Only the glucose, and, perhaps, the cellobiose, was labeled.4 ... 

Identification of oat (Avena) cultivars by HPLC was first reported by Lookhart and coworkers (153-155) in combined electrophoresis/HPLC experiments. The HPLC technique used was a modification of the procedure described by Bietz (137) for wheat. Generally, the prolamin fraction, i.e., the alcohol-soluble fraction, of oat species generates complex polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis (PAGE) and RP-HPLC patterns, with increasing complexity as ploidy of the selections increased. Readily (visible) identification of the cultivars was possible only when PAGE and RP-HPLC results were combined. An HPLC procedure for the characterization of the major oat protein fractions was developed by Lapvetelainen et al. (156). Salt-soluble, alcohol-soluble, and alkali-soluble protein fractions were extracted with 0.1 M NaCl, 52% ethanol, and 1% SDS in 0.05 M borate (pH 10), respectively. For the five cultivars examined, RP-HPLC separations of salt- and alkali-soluble proteins were very similar, whereas the prolamin fraction enabled culti-var differentiation, except for very closely related cultivars. 

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