Nucleation characteristics

Kandlikar SG (2006) Nucleation characteristics and stability considerations during flow boiling in micro-channels. Exp. Thermal and Fluid Science 30 441 47 Katto Y, Ohno H (1984) An improved version of the generalized correlation of critical heat flux for the forced convective boiling in uniformly heated vertical tubes. Int J Heat Mass Transfer 27 1641-1648... 

Henry, R. E., and Fauske, H. K. (1976). Nucleation characteristics in physical explosions. Spec. Meet. Sodium Fuel Interact. Fast React., 3rd, 1976, Tokyo, Japan. 

In this paper, the nucleation characteristics of the melt including agent were investigated experimentally in more detail for thirteen kinds of agent. 

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of experimental apparatus used for investigation on nucleation characteristic under thermal histoiy.

The nucleation characteristics of samples were examined by the relation between superheating temperature JTu ( = Tu —Tm) and supercooling temperature JTsc ( = Tm—Tsc). Where, Tm is the melting point of CaCl2 6H20 sample, that is, 302K. 

The effects of thermal history on the nucleation characteristics of CaCl2 6H20 melt without nucleation agent and the same melt with nucleation agent were studied experimentally by the cooling method at constant rate of IK/min. 

Mullin, J.W. Leci, CL. Some nucleation characteristics of aqueous citric acid solutions. J. Cryst. Growth 1969,5,75-76. 

The complex issues regarding low solubi I ity and the nucleation characteristics of induction time and nucleation rate must be minimized by the maintenance of low supersaturation so that growth can predominate. Methods for promoting this balance will be indicated. Prior to that discussion, the issues encountered in the development of a reactive crystallization process will be briefly reviewed. 

The fine fraction of the aerosol include.s the accumulation mode (0.1 < J, < 2.5 ttn) and the ultrafine particles (dp < 0.1 /tni). The chemical characteristics of the fine fraction which arc central to the health effects and to the optical and nucleating characteristics of the aerosol can be divided into the following categories ... 

Particulate mass is only a limited measure of air quality for several reasons. Atmospheric residence times, nucleating characteristics, light scattering, and lung deposition are all sensitive functions of panicle size. The cloud nucleating characteristics of one 0.05 pm and one thousand panicles, which arc of equal mass, are entirely different. 

Crystals may be defined as solids composed of atoms arranged in an orderly repetitive array. The interatomic distances in a crystal of any definite material are constant and are characteristic of that material. Thus, for each chemical compound there are unique physical properties that differentiate that material from others, therefore, it is not unexpected that the formation of the crystalline material from its solution or mother liquor is accompanied by unique growth and nucleation characteristics. 

Mullin, J.W., and Leci, C.L. (1969). Some Nucleation Characteristics of Aqueous Citric Acid Solutions, J. Crystal Growth 5, 75-76. 

Melts frequently demonstrate abnormal nucleation characteristics, as noted in the early work of Tamman (1925). The rate of nucleation usually follows an exponential curve (solid curve in Figure 5.2) as the supercooling is increased, but reaches a maximum and subsequently decreases (broken curve in Figure 5.2). Tamman suggested that this behaviour was caused by the sharp increase in viscosity with supercooling which restricted molecular movement and inhibited the formation of ordered crystal structures. Turnbull and Fisher (1949) quantified this behaviour with a modified form of equation 5.9 ... 

Figure 5.11. Nucleation characteristics of ammonium sulphate aqueous solution (a) pure solutions, seeded and unseeded, b) effect of impurities in seeded solutions. The broken line represents data from a). After Mullin, Chakraborty and Mehta, 1970)...

Mullin, J.W. and Ang, H-M. (1976) Nucleation characteristics of aqueous nickel ammonium sulphate solutions. Faraday Society Discussions, No. 61, 141-148. 

Kandlikar SG (2006) Nucleation characteristics and stability considerations during flow boiling in microchannels. Exp Thermal Fluid Sci 30 441-447... 

The overall nucleation rate in a crystallizer is determined by the interaction of the secondary nucleation characteristics of the material being crystallized with the hydrodynamics of the crystal suspension. When crystallizing a given material, crystallizers of different size, agitation levels, flow patterns, etc. will... 

Wiedenann, H. G., Stnrzenegger, E., and Bayer, G., Nucleation Characteristics of Some Thermal Decomposition Processes, Thermal... 

The solubility and primary nucleation characteristics of P-cyclodextrin in water between 15 and 85 °C have been examined. ... 

---