Novel reductase

Figure 4.3. Schematic outline of the diflavin reductase family. Members contain an N-terminal FMN-binding flavodoxin-like domain and a C-terminal FAD/NADPH-binding ferredoxin reductase-like domain, which contains an additional linker region. Shown are CPR, which has an amino-terminal membrane anchor region (Anc) NRl (Novel reductase 1) MSR (methionine synthase reductase), which contains an additional inlerdomain sequence P450 BM3, which is fused to a P450 domain and NOS (nitric oxide synthases), which has linked to a heme-containing oxygenase domain that is structurally distinct from the P450s.

Shimoda, K., D.I. Ito, S. Izumi, and T. Hirata, 1996. Novel reductase participation in the syn-addition of hydrogen to the C=C bond of enones in the cultured cells of Nicotiana tabacum. 

Shimoda, K., S. Izumi, and T. Hirata, 2002. A novel reductase participating in the hydrogenation of an exocy-clic C-C double bond of enones from Nicotiana tabacum. Bi Chem. Soc. Jnn... 75 813-816. Shimoda, K., N. Kubota, H. Hamada, and M. Kaji, 2003. Cyanobacterium catalyzed asymmetric reduction of enones. Proceedings of the 47th TEAC, pp. 164-166. 

Asako et al. found a novel reductase in P. citrinum IF04631 18,52], which could reduce methyl 4-bromo-3-oxobutyrate (BAM) to methyl (S)-4-bromo-3-hydroxybu-tyrate (BHBM), a usefiil pharmaceutical intermediate for the synthesis of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors as wdl as (S)-4chiral intermediate is much higher than CHBE because of the existence of bromine atom however, BHBM is quite toxic for biocatalysts. Therefore, the enzyme catalyzing the reduction of BAM should possess tolerance toward such compounds. 

Shimoda K, Izumi S, Hirata T. A novel reductase participating in the hydrogenation of an exocyclic C—C double bond of enones from Nicotiana tabacum. Bull. Chem. Soc. pn. 2002 75 813-816. 

Iwata Y, Arisawa M, Hamada R, Kita Y, Mizutani MY, Tomioka N, Itai A, Miyamoto S. Discovery of novel aldose reductase inhibitors using a protein structure-based approach 3D-database search followed by design and synthesis. J Med Chem 2001 44 1718-28. 

Gschwend DA, Sirawaraporn W, Santi DV, Kuntz ID. Specificity in structure-based drug design identification of a novel, selective inhibitor of Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase. Proteins Struct Funct Genet 1997 29 59-67. 

Wyss PC, Gerber P, Hartman PG, Hubschwerlen C, Locher H, Marty HP, Stahl M. Novel dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors. Structure-based versus diversity-based library design and high-throughput synthesis and screening. J Med Chem 2003 46 2304-12. 

Vadas A, HG Monbouquette, E Johnson, I Schroder (1999) Identification and characterization of a novel ferric reductase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus. J Biol Chem 274 36715-36721. 

Johnson EF, B Mukhopadhyay (2005) A new type of sulfite reductase, a novel coenzyme F420 -dependent enzyme, from the methanarchaeon Methanocaldocccus jannaschii. J Biol Client 280 38776-38786. 

Kurata A, T Kurihara, H Kamachi, N Esaki (2005) 2-haloacrylate reductase a novel enzyme of the medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily that catalyzes the reduction of carbon-carbon double bond of unsaturated organohalogen compounds. J Biol Chem 280 20286-20291. 

Park CH, M Keyhan, B Wielinga, S Fendorf, A Matin (2000) Purification to homogeneity and characterization of a novel Pseudomonas putida chromate reductase. Appl Environ Microbiol 66 1788-1795. 

The degradation of 2- and 3-chloroacrylate displays novel features. The degradation of 2-chloro-acrylate by Burkholderia sp. strain WS is initiated by a 2-haloacrylate reductase with the formation of (5)-2-chloropropionate that undergoes dehalogenation to (J )-lactate (Kurata et al. 2005). The degradation of 1,3-dichloropropene by Pseudomonas pavonaceae (cichorii) strain 170 involves a series of steps by which tra 5 -3-chloroacrylate is formed (Poelarends et al. 1998). This was degraded... 

Pereira MM, Santana M, Teixeira M. 2001. A novel scenario for the evolution of haem-copper oxygen reductases. Biochim Biophys Acta 1505 185. 

M8. Manabe, J., Arya, R Sumimoto, H., Yubisui, T., Bellingham, A. J Layton, D. M., and Fuku-maki, Y., Two novel mutations in the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)-cy-tochrome b5 reductase gene of a patient with generalized type, hereditary methemoglobinemia. 

Aukunuru, JV, Sunkara, G, Bandi, N, Thoreson, WB, and Kompella, UB, 2001. Expression of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) in human retinal pigment epithelial cells and its interaction with BAPSG, a novel aldose reductase inhibitor. Pharm Res 18, 565-572. 

It has been suggested that membrane ferric iron reductases are involved in, and perhaps even essential for, NTBI uptake and acquisition by cells (Inman and Wessling-Resnick, 1993 Randell et al., 1994). A novel factor involved in cellular iron... 

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