Nonylphenoxy carboxylates

Methods applying LC—MS—MS for the quantitative determination of APEO were seldom reported. Houde et al. [29] recently described a LC(ESI)—MS—MS method for the determination of NPEO and nonylphenoxy carboxylates (NPEC) in surface and drinking water using a reversed-phase column (Cg) with isocratic elution. Transitions from the [M + NH4]+ ions to different product ions (m/z 127, 183, 227, 271, 315, 359 for NPEO reEO = 1-6 and m/z 291 for reEO = 7-17) were monitored, yielding detection limits from 10 to 50 ng L-1. 

The most commonly used solvent for the extraction of both alkylphenols and APEO is methanol [15-19]. If sodium hydroxide (20%, w/w) is added to the methanol, recoveries may increase by 25% [16,20]. Nonylphenoxy carboxylates (NPECs) can also be extracted using Soxhlet with methanol, but recoveries are often below 50% [19]. Only one method similar to Soxhlet has been reported for the extraction of AEOs, in which a Soxtec system with methanol is used [18]. 

The mitochondrial respiratory parameters have also been employed to determine the toxicity of surfactants, including anionic (LAS), nonionic (NPEO) and their metabolites, sulfophenyl carboxylates (SPCs), NP and nonylphenoxy carboxylate (NPECi) [37]. The system employed was the in vitro response of submitochondrial particles from beef heart. The EC50 toxicity calculated as the reduction rate of NAD+ ranged from 0.61 mg L-1 for a commercial LAS mixture to 18 000 mg L-1 for SPCs, and 1.3 mg L-1, 8.2 and 1.8mgL 1 for NPEOio, NPECi and NP, respectively. These results indicate that from the toxicity perspective, LAS is the compound demanding increased attention, while for NPEO, the parental compound and the metabolites must be quantified. 

ABS AE AE/P AES AG AOS APEO APG AS BiAS BM c6(EO)3 CNPEC CTAS D DATS DCPEG DEEDMAC branched alkylbenzene sulfonate alcohol ethoxylate alcohol ethoxylate/propoxylate alkylether sulfate alkyl glucamide a-olefin sulfonate alkylphenol ethoxylate alkyl polyglucoside alkyl sulfate bismuth active substances alkyldimethylbenzyl ammonium triethylene glycol monohexyl ether carboxylated nonylphenoxy carboxylates cobalt thiocyanate active substances R2S10(o.5)2 dialkyl tetralinsulfonate dicarboxylated PEG ditallow ester of di(hydroxyethyl)dimethyl ammonium chloride... 

Ahel, M., T. Conrad, W. Giger, Nonylphenoxy carboxylic acids by high-re.solution GC/MS and HPLC, Environ. Sci. Tech., 1987,21,697-703. 

Ejlertsson, J., M. Nilsson, H. Kylin, A. Bergman, L. Karlson, M. Oquist, B. H. Svensson, Anaerobic degradation of nonylphenol mono- and diethoxylates in digestor sludge, landfilled municipal solid waste, and landfilled sludge. Environ. Sci. Techmd., 1999,33, 301-306. Marcomini, A., C. Tortato, S. Capri, A. Liberatori, Preparation, characterization and RP-HPLC determination of sulfophenyl and nonylphenoxy carboxylates, Ann. Chim. (Rome), 1993, (ii, 461 84. 

Acetic acid, (4-nonylphenoxy)- Akypo NP 70 EINECS 221486-2 Nonoxynol-8 carboxylic acid (4-Nonylphenoxy)acetic acid (p-Nonylphenoxy)acetic acid. Emulsifier. Chem-Y GmbH. 

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