Non- rapid eyes movement

Sleep is generally considered to consist of two substates, Rapid Eye Movement (REM) and non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep, which alternate to form a cycle lasting 90 min in man (Fig. 1). REM and... 

NREM non-rapid eye movement ting. J Clin Psychiatry 1992 53(suppll2) 50—56. 

Alam, Md. N., McGinty, D., Szymusiak, R. (1997). Thermosensitive neurons of the diagonal band in rats relation to wakefulness and non-rapid eye movement sleep. Brain Res. 752, 81-9. 

Baker, F. C., Shah, S., Stewart, D. et al. (2005b). Interleukin 10 enhances non-rapid eye movement sleep and increases c-Fos expression in the median preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus. Am. J. Physiol. Regul Integr. Comp. Physiol. 288, R998-1005. 

Obal Jr., F. Krueger, J. M. (2003). Biochemical regulation of non-rapid-eye-movement sleep. Frontiers Biosci. 8, 520-50. 

Mizoguchi, A., Eguchi, N., Kimura, K. el al. (2001). Dominant localization of prostaglandin D receptors on arachnoid trabecular cells in mouse basal forebrain and their involvement in the regulation of non-rapid eye movement sleep. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98 (20). 11674-9. 

Humans typically have four to six cycles of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep each night, each cycle lasting 70 to 120 minutes. Usually there is progression through the four stages of NREM sleep before the first REM period. 

Note. GH = growth hormone NREM = non rapid eye movement REM = rapid eye movement. 

Hiatt JE, Eloyd TC, Katz PH, et al Eurther evidence of abnormal non-rapid-eye-movement sleep in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 42 797-802, 1985 Hicks TP, Krupa M, Crepel F Selective effects of serotonin upon excitatory amino acid-induced depolarisations of Purkinje cells in cerebellar slices from young rats. Brain Res 492 371-376, 1989... 

Brunner H, Wetter TC, Hogl B, Yassouridis A, Trenkwalder C, Friess E. Microstructure of the non-rapid eye movement sleep electroencephalogram in patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson s disease effects of dopaminergic treatment. Movement Disord 2002 17 928-933. 

Pinzar E, Kanaoka Y, Inui T, Eguchi N, Urade Y, Hayaishi O. Prostaglandin D synthase gene is involved in the regulation of non-rapid eye movement sleep. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000 97 4903 1907. 

Yoshida H, Kubota T, Krueger JM. A cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor attenuates spontaneous and TNF(-induced non-rapid eye movement sleep. Submitted. 

Parrino L, Boselli M, Buccino GP, Spaggiari MC, Di Giovanni G, Terzano MG (1996) The cyclic alternating pattern plays a gate-control on periodic limb movements during non-rapid eye movement sleep. J Clin Neurophysiol 3 314-323... 

Ho AP, Gillin JC, Buchsbaum MS, Wu JC, Abel L, Bunney WE Jr (1996) Brain glucose metabolism during non-rapid eye movement sleep in major depression. A positron emission tomography study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 53 645-652... 

Abrupt change from a deeper state of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep to a lighter stage, or from REM sleep to wakefulness. 

Night terrors are pure emotional experiences that occur on awakening from sleep. Typically, they are associated with non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, as are the recurrent dreams of post-traumatic stress. Together with the arousal from NREM sleep, there is intense activation of the heart, the breathing rate increases, and the blood pressure may rise to extremely high levels the person awakens drenched in sweat and terrified, and often has little dream recall whatsoever from these awakenings. 

SWA slow wave activity (assessed by power spectral analysis) EPS latency to onset of persistent sleep WASO wake after sleep onset SE sleep efficiency (total sleep time/time in bed x 100) TST total sleep time sleep stages (stage 1, 2, 3,4) SWS slow wave sleep (stage 3 + 4) REM rapid eye movement sleep NREM non-rapid eye movement sleep NSS number of stage... 

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