Nodule mining

Cronan, D. S. "Deep Sea Nodules Distribution and Geochemistry", p. 11 Mero, J. L. "Economic Aspects of Nodule Mining," p. 327 in Marine Manganese Deposits, Glasby, G. P., ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1977. 

There are several factors which can promote the profitability of manganese nodule mining ... 

The legal problems of deep-sea mining are not yet solved because the zones of nodule mining will usually be out of the 200-mile national zones. 

Fig. 7.5 Extent of the general Pacific area under prospecting for manganese nodule mining. The shaded sectors have either been allocated to, reserved for or claimed by pioneer investors and consortia. Maps courtesy of the International Seabed Authority, http //www.isa.org.jm.

Jumars, P.A. (1981) Limits in predicting and detecting benthic community responses to manganese nodule mining. Marine Mining, 3, 213-229. 

Yamazaki, T., Kajitani, Y., Barnett, B.G. and Suzuki, T. (1997) Development of image analytical technique for resedimentation induced by nodule mining, in Proceedings of the ISOPE Ocean Mining Symposium, ISOPE, Seoul, pp. 159-164. 

Manganese Nodule Mine Site" An optimistic assumption Marine Mining, 4 73-77. 

Mero, J.L., 1977. Economic aspects of nodule mining. In Glasby, GP. (ed.), 1977. Marine manganese deposits. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 327-355. 

Outlines for Environmental Impacts Caused by Nodule Mining... 

Fig. 17.2 Schematic image of manganese nodule mining system and the environmental impact sources...

Burns, R. E., Erickson, B. H., Lavelle, J. W, Ozturgut, E. (1980). Observation and measurements during the monitoring of deep ocean manganese nodule mining tests in the North Pacific, March-May 1978, NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL MESA-47. 

Desa, E. (1997). Initial results of India s environmental impact assessment of nodule mining. Proceedings, international symposium for deep-sea mining, Tokyo, Metal Mining Agency of Japan, 49-63. 

Kajitani, Y. (1997). The Japanese environmental research for manganese nodule mining. Proceedings, 2nd ISOPE ocean mining symposium, Seoul, 131-138. 

Thiel, H., Forschungsverbund Tiefsee-Umweltsschutz. (1995). The German environmental impact research for manganese nodule mining in the SE Pacific Ocean. Proceedings, 1st ISOPE ocean mining symposium, Tsukuba, 39-45. 

Yamada, H., Yamazaki, T. (1998). Japan s ocean test of the nodule mining system. Proceedings, 8th international offshore and polar engineering conference, Montreal, 13-19. 

Schematic image of manganese nodule mining system... 

Anonymous) (2013) CENSIN resources The future of iron-manganese nodules. http //www. censin.com/manganese-nodules-mines/. Downloaded 5 July 2013... 

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