Node dividing

In terms of quantitative approach, some of the supply chain design sffidies have included the topic of supply chain disruption into consideration in order to enhance both supply chain profit and supply chain resilience. Falasca et al. (2008) have extended the supply chain design characteristics concept in Craighead et al. (2007) and proposed a quantitative measure for those characteristics. For instance, supply chain density can be measured as the number of nodes divided by the average... 

Figure 2 shows an example wherein the control is made more efficient by node dividing. Node Un is divided into two nodes n and nJJ, which have extended CVs enX[l)0>0]) and en ([0,l,l]). If node is assigned to c-step ST4, then changes form [1,1,1] into [0,1,1], and changes from [1,1,2] into [2,1,2]. In this case, c-step ST7 can be skipped under the first bit leaf condition for shi. The above discussion means operation node fin is executed in different c-steps ST4 and ST7 under different conditions. 

Note that the node dividing method enabel one operation to be scheduled in different control steps depending on the path. No other system has... 

A operation can be assigned into different control steps, while a conventional system assignes one operation into one control step. This is accomplished by the operation node dividing technique. This can make control sequence of some path faster... 

The value of the coefficient of thermal diffusivity a was set as the coefficient of diffusion D. As bovmdary conditions, the temperature of the body and the shell were set to 21 K and 0 K respectively. Thus, saturated resin at a partial pressure of 21 % of Oxygen (21 K) and no Oxygen (0 K) in the surroiuiding atmosphere were assumed. The traction of Oxygen remaining in the resin in regard to the initial value at a certain time was calculated as the average temperature of all nodes divided by 21 K. 

Parallel molecular dynamics codes are distinguished by their methods of dividing the force evaluation workload among the processors (or nodes). The force evaluation is naturally divided into bonded terms, approximating the effects of covalent bonds and involving up to four nearby atoms, and pairwise nonbonded terms, which account for the electrostatic, dispersive, and electronic repulsion interactions between atoms that are not covalently bonded. The nonbonded forces involve interactions between all pairs of particles in the system and hence require time proportional to the square of the number of atoms. Even when neglected outside of a cutoff, nonbonded force evaluations represent the vast majority of work involved in a molecular dynamics simulation. 

The Galerldn finite element method results when the Galerldn method is combined with a finite element trial function. The domain is divided into elements separated by nodes, as in the finite difference method. The solution is approximated by a linear (or sometimes quadratic) function of position within the element. These approximations are substituted into Eq. (3-76) to provide the Galerldn finite element equations. The element integrals are defined as... 

The eenter node of the resistor divider beeomes a eurrent summing node where a portion of the total sense eurrent eomes from eaeh of the sensed output voltages. The higher power output, and usually the output that requires a tighter output regulation, require the majority of sense eurrent. The lighter loaded... 

The components connected between the emitter-follower and the currentsensing filter capacitor can be thought of as a resistor divider. An additional 0.17 V needs to appear at pin 7 (through a 1K resistor) so the amount of current that must be contributed to that node is 0.17 V/1K which is 170 pA. The capacitive coupling of the PNP to pin 7 essentially centers the oscillator waveform upon the current ramp. So,... 

HAZOP focuses on study nodes, process sections, and operating steps. The number of nodes depending on the team leader and study objectives. Conservative studies consider e er line and vessel. An experienced HAZOP leader may combine nodes. For example, the cooling looser . .ater chlorination system may be divided into a) chlorine supply to venturi, b) recirculation loop, and e) to .er water basin. Alternatively, two study nodes may be used a) recirculation loop and tower water basin, and b) chlorine supply to venturi. Or one study node for the entire process. 

Define a balanced tree as any tree such that all of its leaves arc located at the same distance from its root. Let the height of a tree equal the maximum number of arcs that arc traversed while desc ending from any leaf or terminal node to the root of the tree. Let D2 N) be the maximum 2 dividing N. We state the following theorem for rule R90 for the ca.se when N is even without proof (see [martin84]) ... 

The construction starts at the root node of the tree, where all the available (x, y) pairs are initially placed. One identifies the particular split or test, s, that maximizes a given measure of information gain (Shannon and Weaver, 1964), 0(.s). The definition of a split, s, involves both the choice of the decision variable and the threshold to be used. Then, the (x, y) root node pairs are divided according to the best split found, and assigned to one of the children nodes emanating fi-om it. The information gain measure, 0is), for a particular parent node t, is... 

Radial basis function networks (RBF) are a variant of three-layer feed forward networks (see Fig 44.18). They contain a pass-through input layer, a hidden layer and an output layer. A different approach for modelling the data is used. The transfer function in the hidden layer of RBF networks is called the kernel or basis function. For a detailed description the reader is referred to references [62,63]. Each node in the hidden unit contains thus such a kernel function. The main difference between the transfer function in MLF and the kernel function in RBF is that the latter (usually a Gaussian function) defines an ellipsoid in the input space. Whereas basically the MLF network divides the input space into regions via hyperplanes (see e.g. Figs. 44.12c and d), RBF networks divide the input space into hyperspheres by means of the kernel function with specified widths and centres. This can be compared with the density or potential methods in pattern recognition (see Section 33.2.5). 

The modeling of complex solids has greatly advanced since the advent, around 1960, of the finite element method [196], Here the material is divided into a number of subdomains, termed elements, with associated nodes. The elements are considered to consist of materials, the constitutive equations of which are well known, and, upon change of the system, the nodes suffer nodal displacements and concomitant generalized nodal forces. The method involves construction of a global stiffness matrix that comprises the contributions from all elements, the relevant boundary conditions and body and thermal forces a typical problem is then to compute the nodal displacements (i. e., the local strains) by solving the system K u = F, where K is the stiffness matrix, u the... 

Characterization of the morphology of the lymphocytes, the reactivity of the other cells in the lymph node, and the lymph node architecture is essential in obtaining a diagnosis and predicting disease course. The nodal presentation of NHL is divided into two main categories follicular, corresponding with... 

If particles reach and become deposited in the alveoli, they tend to stay imbedded in the fluid on the alveolar surface or move into the lymph nodes. The one mechanism by which particles are physically resuspended and removed from the AI region is coughing. For modeling purposes, the AI region is divided into three subcompartments to represent different clearance rates, all of which are slow. 

In the discussion above only a single pipe section was considered. For a network, nodal continuity equations in flows and pressures are also required (Nl, W12). If a pipe section is too long to be treated as one cell, it may be divided into as many cells as necessary. Intermediate nodes are introduced between cells and the equations are augmented accordingly. 

From the AV node, the electrical impulse spreads through the AV bundle or the bundle of His. This portion of the conduction system penetrates the fibrous tissue separating the atria from the ventricles and enters the interventricular septum where it divides into the left and right bundle branches. The bundle branches travel down the septum toward the apex of the heart and then reverse direction, traveling back toward the atria along the outer ventricle walls. This route of conduction of the impulse facilitates ejection of blood from the ventricles. If the impulse were to be conducted directly from the atria to the ventricles, the ventricular contraction would begin at the top of the chambers and proceed downward toward the apex. This would trap the blood at the bottom of the chambers. Instead, the wave of ventricular electrical stimulation and, therefore, contraction moves from the apex of the heart toward the top of the chambers where the semilunar valves are located and ejection takes place. 

Backpropagation is a generalized version of the delta rule, extended to multiple layers. The central assumption of BP is that when the target output and actual output at a node differ, the responsibility for the error can be divided between ... 

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