Nitrogen production from air

High oxygen/nitrogen selectivity is required for an economical nitrogen production process. The effect of improved membrane selectivities on the efficiency of nitrogen production from air is illustrated in Figure 8.25. This figure shows the... 

Figure 8.26 Single-, two- and three-step designs for nitrogen production from air...

The effect of sweep variability in air dehydration is comparable to that observed previously for fibre variability in nitrogen production from air [30,31]. Significant changes in module performance are found only for inner diameter variability. 

The radial-bed development will further improve O2-PSA. Significant (and likely larger) improvements can also be achieved from the invention of new sorbents. With the availability of better sorbents, nitrogen production from air with zeolites could be competitive with molecular sieve carbon. 

Neither of these parameters has been tested. The main commercial kinetic separation is nitrogen production from air by using molecular sieve carbon. The cycle used is a simple Skarstrom cycle. This parameter may be tested for this system. 

The main use for CMS s is nitrogen production from air and CH4/CO2 separation, both by PSA. The latter is applied for (1) landfill gas that contains approximately 50% each of CH4/CO2, and (2) tertiary oil recovery where the effluent gas contains 80% CO2 and 20% of CH4 plus other light hydrocarbons. The PSA separation of CH4/CO2 with Bergbau Forschung CMS has been discussed in detail by Kapoor and Yang (1989) and by Baron (1994), who also discussed several other possible applications. 

In Figure 7 Dried air Is passed through the adsorber at super-atmospheric pressure nitrogen Is preferentially adsorbed. Part of the nitrogen product from previous cycles Is then passed Into the bed to desorb small amounts of oxygen, after which the bed Is reduced to atmospheric pressure to desorb nitrogen ... 

Plasmas have been applied both for NO production from air and, conversely, for cleaning air of nitrogen oxides produced in combustion systems. Both NO production and NO destruction are of great industrial interest the hrst process is the basis for the chemical technology of fertilizers and explosives, and the second process is a key to the treatment of exhaust gases of power plants, automotive systems, and so on. It is not a surprise that plasma is able to stimulate the process in two opposite directions - plasma behavior can be so much different under different conditions. This chapter deals with NO synthesis in plasma plasma application for cleaning NO from air will be considered in Chapter 11. 

OEA production from air is favored by vacuum-driven membranes operating at low oxygen recovery. In this case, the OEA purity is simply a function of the membrane s selectivity and the vacuum level at which the OEA permeate is withdrawn. Unfortunately, the high-selectivity membranes employed in nitrogen... 

Reforming of natural gas (primary reformer only) at 2.9 MPa. Enriched air from the nitrogen production unit (air separation plant) is used as combustion air in the reformer. 

Mixtures of 10 and 20% fluorine ia nitrogen or other inert gases are commercially available ia cylinders and tube trailers from Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Blends can be safely packaged and stored at high, eg, 13.8 MPa (2000 psi), pressure. Filled with a 20% fluorine blend, tube trailers can contain up to 500 kg of fluorine. Such high pressure mixtures permit larger quantities of fluorine to be safely shipped. 

Fig. 5. Equipment foi surface treating plastic components. Parts ate loaded into one of the two lower chambers which is then evacuated to remove most of the air. This chamber is then flooded with a dilute mixture of fluorine and nitrogen which is made and stored in the upper chamber. After the treatment is completed, the fluorine mixture is pumped back up to the upper chamber for storage and the lower chamber repeatedly flooded with air and evacuated to remove any traces of fluorine gas. Two treatment chambers are cycled between the loading/unloading operation and the treatment step to increase equipment output. The fluorine—nitrogen blend may be used several times before by-products from the treatment process begin to interfere. AH waste...

The vapor-phase process of SocifitH Chemique de la Grande Paroisse for production of nitroparaffins employs propane, nitrogen dioxide, and air as feedstocks (34). The yields of nitroparaffins based on both propane and nitrogen dioxide are relatively high. Nitric oxide produced during nitration is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide, which is adsorbed in nitric acid. Next, the nitric dioxide is stripped from the acid and recirculated. 

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