Nitrogen compounds hydrides

Chlorine Ammonia, acetylene, alcohols, alkanes, benzene, butadiene, carbon disulflde, dibutyl phthalate, ethers, fluorine, glycerol, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, sodium carbide, flnely divided metals, metal acetylides and carbides, nitrogen compounds, nonmetals, nonmetal hydrides, phosphorus compounds, polychlorobi-phenyl, silicones, steel, sulfldes, synthetic rubber, turpentine... 

Chemical deposition, gas or vapour plating This is a chemical process whereby the aluminium is deposited when an aluminium compound is pyrolysed. Organo-metallic compounds such as aluminium diethylhydride or tri-(iso) butyl aluminium (TIBA) are introduced into the work chamber after purging with an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen. The hydride... 

The situation does not improve with mixtures with the hydrides of the elements. Thus, a detonation occurred during contact between water and chlorine due to an accidental spark. Phosphine, silane and diborane all combust spontaneously in chlorine (their behaviour is the same in oxygen). With hydrogenated nitrogenous compounds ammonia, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, ammonium salts (especially ammonium chloride), and also sulphamic acid (these last two in an acid medium) there is ignition or even detonation. 

Bromine pentafluoride Hydrogen-containing materials Chlorine Nitrogen compounds Chlorine trifluoride Hydrogen-containing materials Fluorine Hydrides Iodine Ammonia... 

Figure 4.2 Proton-hydride (H- -H) distances (A) versus B-H- -H angles (degrees) in the Cambridge Structure Database for 18 x-ray structures of boron nitrogen compounds. The numbers correspond to the CSD file names, which can be found in ref. 7. (Reproduced with permission from ref. 8.)...

Metal Hydrides and Metal-Carbon Compounds. Numerous examples of reductions and additions of metal hydrides or alkyls to unsaturated carbon-nitrogen compounds are known. I shall mention only two examples pertinent to this discussion. 

Excellent procedures are available for the preparation of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines by the reduction of a variety of nitrogen compounds. Primary amines can be obtained by hydrogenation or by lithium aluminum hydride reduction of nitro compounds, azides, oximes, imines, nitriles, or unsubstituted amides [all possible with H2 over a metal catalyst (Pt or Ni) or with LiAlH4] ... 

J. Malek, Reduction by Metal Alkoxyaluminum Hydrides. Part II. Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives, Nitrogen Compounds, and Sulfur Compounds, Org. React. 1988, 36, 249-590. 

As shown by Schlesinger et treatment of an ethereal solution of aluminum chloride with excess lithium aluminum hydride leads to the formation of aluminum hydride which may be used in situ in reductions of a variety of nitrogen compounds.74,76 In these reductions, aluminum hydride shows a similar reductive ability as lithium aluminum hydride. 

Boron nitrogen compounds and boron hydrides have stimulated particular theoretical interest throughout the last three decades. Some of the very simple species were investigated by FTIR methods ... 

This article covers only a part of the chemistry of boron. Boron-carbon compounds are covered in other articles in this volume see Boron Organoboranes Boron Metallacarbaboranes, and Boron Polyhedral Carboranes). The main subject of the latter two articles, and the separate one on Boron Hydrides is the extensive chemistry of the multicenter bonded boron-hydride systems. This area has been a major focus of boron research for the past 60 years. There is some direct overlap between the two articles Borides Solid-state Chemistry and Borates Solid-state Chemistry, and this more general one covering the inorganic chemistry of boron. Boron-Nitrogen Compounds are also covered separately. These articles should be consulted for more detailed discussions of the structure, bonding, and properties of borides, solid-state borates, and boron-nitrogen compounds. 

Borates Solid-state Chemistry Borides Solid-state Chemistry Boron Hydrides Boron Metallacarbaboranes Boron Nitrogen Compounds Boron Organoboranes Boron Polyhedral Carboranes. 

Before taking care of this hydride further, let us repeat the two processes Just described using structure XII as an imaginary starting material. This compound would be simply a tautomer of VIII. While the 1,5-hydrogen transfer (route C) should yield alkoxyacetylene XIII, the extrusion of nitrogen and hydride (route D) would afford compound XV, which features the same oxidation level as the target structure II. 

Transition-metal hydrides react with nitrogen compounds to form N—H bond-containing organometallic products. The [HFe3(CO),J cluster anion reacts with nitriles to form a coordinated RCNH species, along with the RCHN-coordinated isomer ... 

Nitrogen compounds containing N—H bonds for specialty chemical, drug or pharmaceutical applications are synthesized using the reactions (especially hydride reductions) discussed in 1.5.4.1 and 1.5.5.1. These small-scale syntheses are highly specialized and usually relatively expensive. Further information can be found in treatises on synthetic organic chemistry. 

Few insertion reactions of group VB hydrides with nitrogen compounds have been studied. A rare example of a simple insertion into a P-H bond is ... 

After the nitrogen concentrating process, a nitrogen-rich portion was further separated into subfractions of intrinsic basic nitrogen compounds and basic nitrogen compounds after reaction with lithium aluminum hydride (LAH). The intrinsic basic compounds are those extractable by HC1 solution. Several nitrogen compounds from these subfractions were identified by GC/MS analyses and different types of nitrogen compounds in different subfractions were discussed. 

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