Nilson, Lars

Lars Frederik Nilson (1840-1899) found the element predicted by Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev (1834-1907) as "eka-boron" in the mineral gadolinite. 

Scandium (Sc, [Ar]3[Pg.359]

Scandium - the atomic number is 21 and the chemical symbol is Sc. The name derives from the Latin scandia for Scandinavia , where the mineral were found. It was discovered by the Swedish chemist Lars-Fredrik Nilson in 1879 from an ytterbium sample. In the same year, the Swedish chemist Per Theodore Cleve proved that scandium was Mendeleev s hypothetical element eka-boron , whose properties and position in the Period Table Mendeleev had previously predicted. 

Titanium - the atomic number is 22 and the chemical symbol is Ti. The name derives from the Latin titans, who were the mythological first sons of the earth . It was originally discovered by the English clergyman William Gregor in the mineral ilmenite (FeTiOj) in 1791. He called this iron titanite menachanite for the Menachan parish where it was found and the element menachin. It was rediscovered in 1795 by the German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth, who called it titanium because it had no characteristic properties to use as a name. Titanium metal was first isolated by the Swedish chemists Sven Otto Pettersson and Lars Fredrik Nilson. 

Scandium Sc 1879 (Uppsala, Sweden) Lars Nilson (Swedish) 87... 

The existence of scandium was predicted in 187 Iby Mendeleev, who placed it under boron in Group 111 of his Periodic Table. He called it ekaboron. Five years later Lars Nilson of Sweden discovered this new element while examining the ore euxenite. Nilson named this element scandium after his homeland Scandinavia. Metallic scadium was preparaed first by Fisher, Brunger, and Grieneisen in 1937 by an electrolytic process. 

The discovery of Sc occurred separately from the above work. In 1840, C. J. A. Scheerer reported a new mineral euxenite which had been found near Jolster in Norway. An approximate analysis was made and many elements were detected including lanthanoids. Lars Fredrik Nilson in 1879 reported the isolation of2g of SC2O3 if om working up 10 kg of euxenite plus someresidues from several other minerals. 

Sven Otto Pettersson, 1848-1941. Professor of chemistry at the University of Stockholm from 1881-1908. Hydrog-rapher and oceanographer. He collaborated with Lars Fredrik Nilson in researches on metallic titanium and the physical constants of titanium and germanium. He was one of the first chemists to support Svante Arrhenius in his views on electrolytic dissociation. For a discussion of his hydrographic work see ref. (69). 

In 1887 Lars Fredrik Nilson and Otto Pettersson finally prepared the metal 95 per cent pure by reducing the tetrachloride with sodium in an airtight steel cylinder (24, 48). The titanium that Henri Moissan obtained from his electric furnace was free from nitrogen and silicon and contained only 2 per cent of carbon (25). 

Three of the undiscovered elements whose properties Mendeleev foretold in great detail, ekaaluminum, ekaboron, and ekasilicon, were discovered within fifteen years from the time of their prediction. The first was found by Lecoq de Boisbaudran m France, the second by Lars Frednk Nilson in Sweden, and the third by Clemens Winkler in Germany. These elements were named gallium, scandium, and germanium in honor of these countries. 

Mendeleev had predicted that another element, which he called ekaboron and which he said would have an atomic weight between 40 (calcium) and 48 (titanium), would some day be revealed (20). It was discovered in 1879 by Lars Fredrik Nilson. 

Lars Fredrik Nilson, 1840-1899. Professor of analytical chemistry at the University of Upsala and at the Agricultural Academy at Stockholm. Discoverer of scandium His researches on soils and fertilizers transformed the barren plains of his native island into an agricultural region With Otto Pettersson he investigated the rare earths and prepared metallic titanium. 

Inside the City Wall of Visby. Lars Fredrik Nilson, the discoverer of scandium, received his early education in tins beautiful old city on Gothland... 

Ekstrand, A. G., Lars Frednk Nilson. Minnesteckning, Almqvist and... 

Birth of Lars Fredrik Nilson, the discoverer of scandium, in Ostergotland, Sweden. 

Bergh, M., K. Magnusson, J. Lars, G. Nilson, and A. T. Karlberg. 1998. Formation offormaldehyde and peroxides by air oxidation of high purity polyoxyethylene surfactaBtmtact Dermatitis 14-20. 

Scandium Sc 21 Lars Nilson Sweden Latin word "Scandia" meaning "Scandinavia"... 

Although Sc was difficult to isolate, its existence and several of its chemical properties were predicted in 1871 by Dmitri Mendeleyev, who called it ekaboron because of its expected similarity to boron. Lars Fredrik Nilson first isolated its oxide (scandia) while persuing the oxide of a different rare earth. 

Four rare-earth elements (yttrium, ytterbium, erbium, and terbium) have been named in honor of this village. A year later, the Swedish chemist Lars Fredrik Nilson (1840-1899), discovered another element in "erbia" and he named it scandium (Sc) in honor of Scandinavia. At the same time, Nilson s compatriot, the geologist and chemist Per Theodor Cleve (1840-1905) succeeded in resolving the "erbia" earths yet another step further, when he separated it into three components erbium, "holmium" (Flo) and thulium (Tm). The name "holmium" refers to Stockholm (Qeve s native city) and had been independently discovered by the Swiss chemists Marc Dela-fontame (1838-1911) and Jacques-Louis Soret (1827-1890), who had coined the metal element X on the basis of its absorption spectrum. 

The existence of scandium was predicted nearly 10 years before it was actually discovered. The prediction was made by Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev (1834—1907). Mendeleev developed the periodic table based on his periodic law. The periodic table is a chart that shows how chemical elements are related to one another. The table originally had a number of empty boxes for elements that had not been discovered but were believed to exist. Chemists were able to search for these elements based on the properties of the elements around the empty boxes. Scandium was found in 1879 by Swedish chemist Lars Nilson (1840—1899). It is a transition metal, appearing in Group 3 (IIIB). 

Lars Nilson was born in the Swedish town of Ostergotiand on May 27, 1840. He entered the University of Upsaia at the age of 19, intending to study bioiogy, chemistry, and geology. He found university work difficult because he was in very poor health. He often suffered from bleeding in the lungs. 

Ytterbium was one of nine new elements discovered in the mineral yttria at the end of the 19th century. Analyzing this mineral posed great difficulties for chemists of the time. The elements in yttria have very similar properties. That makes it difficult to separate them from each other. Three chemists, Jean-Charles-Galissard de Marignac (1817-1894), Lars Fredrik Nilson (1840-1899), and Georges Urbain (1872-1938), all deserve partial credit for discovering ytterbium. 

The very next year, a second Swedish chemist, Lars Fredrik Nilson, proved that Marignac was wrong. Ytterbium was not a new element, he said. Instead, it consisted of two other new elements. Nilson called these elements scandium and ytterbium. 

Swedish chemist Lars Fredrik Nilson discovers scandium. 

Further confirmation came when Lars Nilson (1840-1899) announced the discovery of scandium (after Scandinavia), in 1879, which matched Mendeleev s eka-boron, and Clemens Winkler s (1838-1904) announcement of the discovery of germanium (after his home country of Germany) in 1886 which matched eka-silicon. Mendeleev s theoretical position triumphed, and his table began to be accepted as a genuine insight into the order of the material world. 

The name is derived from the Latin Scandia, the name of Scandinavia. Mendeleev predicted the existence of the element as eka-boron. It was discovered by Lars Fredrick Nilson (1840-1899) in 1878 when he was investigating trace elements in euxenite and gadolinite. Metallic scandium was first prepared in 1937. Spectroscopic analysis has shown that scandium is present in the sun and other stars. Blue beryl may be colored because of scandium. The silvery metallic element is used in high-intensity lighting. 

Eka-boron was discovered in 1879 by Lars F. Nilson of Sweden. He named it scandium, for Scandinavia. 

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