Gallium naming

Gallium [7440-55-3] atomic number 31, was discovered through a study of its spectral properties in 1875 by P. E. Lecoq de Boisbaudran and named from Gallia in honor of its discoverer s homeland. The first element to be discovered after the pubHcation of Mendeleev s Periodic Table, its discovery constituted a confirmation of the Table which was reinforced shordy after by the discoveries of scandium and germanium. 

Chemical Reduction. Reduction of galHum by aluminum has been developed in the former Soviet Union. This method is in operation (ca 1994). The Bayer Hquor is contacted using a gallium—aluminum alloy named GaHam, and the galHum is deposited. 

The person whose name is most closely associated with the periodic table is Dmitri Mendeleev (1836-1907), a Russian chemist. In writing a textbook of general chemistry, Mendeleev devoted separate chapters to families of elements with similar properties, including the alkali metals, the alkaline earth metals, and the halogens. Reflecting on the properties of these and other elements, he proposed in 1869 a primitive version of today s periodic table. Mendeleev shrewdly left empty spaces in his table for new elements yet to be discovered. Indeed, he predicted detailed properties for three such elements (scandium, gallium, and germanium). By 1886 all of these elements had been discovered and found to have properties very similar to those he had predicted. 

Gallium was incorporated by incipient wetness impregnation of gallium nitrate, in three different amounts, namely ca. 2, 3 and 4 wt. %. The impregnated catalysts were calcined at 773K for four hours under dry air flow. 

The nomenclature for the catalysts is as follows XAGaZB, where letter X refers to the treatments to which the sample was submitted, letter T referring specifically to the case where the sample was submitted to the two reduction-oxidation cycles described above letter A refers to the wt. % impregnated gallium amount letter B indicates the SAR of the zeolite. In this way, for example, the catalyst named T3GaZ38 is a ZSM-5 zeolite with SAR 38 impregnated with 3 wt. % gallium submitted to two reduction-oxidation cycles. 

Gallium (Ga, [Ax >dl0As2Apl), name and symbol after the Latin word Gallia (France). Discovered (1875) by Paul-Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran. 

Gallium - the atomic number is 31 and the chemical symbol is Ga. The name derives from the Latin gallia for France or perhaps from the Latin gallus for le coq or cock , since it was discovered in zinc blende by the French chemist Paul-Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudan in 1875. It was first isolated in 1878 by Lecoq de Boisbaudran and the French chemist Emile-Clement Jungflesch. This element had previously been predicted as eka-aluminum by Mendeleev, along with its properties and its location in the Periodic Table. 

In 1875 the French chemist Emil Lecoq de Boisbaudron discovered Mendeleev s eka-aluminum and named it gallium after the ancient name for France (the right to name an element is the discoverer s even if its existence has already been predicted). When Mendeleev heard of the discovery, he naturally announced that his prediction was confirmed. Lecoq disagreed. Mendeleev had predicted an element with a density of 5.94 (that is, 5.94 times heavier than water) while his element had a density of 4.7. However, when a second... 

The existence of this element was predicted by Mendeleev as a missing link between aluminum and indium during his periodic classification of elements. Mendeleev termed it ekaaluminum. The element was discovered in 1875 by French chemist Lecoq de Boisbaudran while he was carrying out spectroscopic examination of emission lines from Pyrenean zinc blende concentrates. Boisbaudran named this new element gallium, after Gallia, the Latin word for his native France. In the same year, Boisbaudran also separated gaUium by electrolysis. 

One of the most interesting bare Group 13 metal clusters is the first one to be discovered [66], namely the 11-atom cluster frin in the intermetallic Kglnn-Analogous 11-vertex clusters were subsequently synthesized containing gallium [67] and thallium [68]. The frin cluster has 11+7=18 skeletal electrons = 2 n - 4 for n = 11. It is thus a highly hypoelectronic system relative to the 2n + 2 skeletal electron deltahedral boranes B H . The polyhedron found in Inn is... 

Three of the undiscovered elements whose properties Mendeleev foretold in great detail, ekaaluminum, ekaboron, and ekasilicon, were discovered within fifteen years from the time of their prediction. The first was found by Lecoq de Boisbaudran m France, the second by Lars Frednk Nilson in Sweden, and the third by Clemens Winkler in Germany. These elements were named gallium, scandium, and germanium in honor of these countries. 

A month later Boisbaudran performed in Wurtz s laboratory in Paris, in the presence of the chemistry section of the Institute, a series of experiments to prove that gallium, the metal he had discovered and named in honor of France, is a true element. In order that he might attempt to isolate the metal, the technical zinc-mining societies known as La Vieille Montagne and La Nouvelle Montagne presented him with a quantity of gallium-containing zinc minerals. 

A third element that Mendeleev had predicted was to be a member of the silicon family (20). This ekasilicon was discovered in 1886 by Clemens Winkler, who named it germanium in honor of his fatherland. Thus the three nationalist elements—gallium in France, scandium in... 

Mendeleev s chemical insight led him to leave gaps for elements that would be needed to complete the pattern but were unknown at the time. When they were discovered later, he turned out to be strikingly correct. For example, his pattern required an element he named eka-silicon below silicon and between gallium and arsenic. He predicted that the element would have a relative atomic mass of 72 (taking the mass of hydrogen as 1) and properties similar to... 

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