Nickel salts , hazard

Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Ni Uses Nickel salts... 

Spent pickle liquor in the acid pickling wastewaters is listed as hazardous waste K062, regulated under RCRA, as it contains considerable residual acidity and high concentrations of dissolved iron salts.2 Exhausted pickling baths are mainly composed of nitrate (150 to 180 g/L), fluoride (60 to 80 g/L), iron (III) (30 to 45 g/L), chromium (III) (5 to 10 g/L), and nickel (II) (3 to 5 g/L). 

Spent pickle liquor is considered a hazardous waste (K062) because it contains considerable residual acidity and high concentrations of dissolved iron salts. For example, spent pickle liquor and waste acid from the production of stainless steel is considered hazardous. The hazardous constituents in K062 are lead, nickel, and hexavalent chromium. Waste pickle liquor sludge generated by lime stabilization of spent pickle liquor is not considered hazardous unless it exhibits one or more of the characteristics of hazardous waste. An estimated 6 million tons of spent pickle liquor are generated annually in the U.S.1... 

Picric acid, in common with several other polynitrophenols, is an explosive material in its own right and is usually stored as a water-wet paste. Several dust explosions of dry material have been reported [1]. It forms salts with many metals, some of which (lead, mercury, copper or zinc) are rather sensitive to heat, friction or impact. The salts with ammonia and amines, and the molecular complexes with aromatic hydrocarbons, etc. are, in general, not so sensitive [2], Contact of picric acid with concrete floors may form the friction-sensitive calcium salt [3], Contact of molten picric acid with metallic zinc or lead forms the metal picrates which can detonate the acid. Picrates of lead, iron, zinc, nickel, copper, etc. should be considered dangerously sensitive. Dry picric acid has little effect on these metals at ambient temperature. Picric acid of sufficient purity is of the same order of stability as TNT, and is not considered unduly hazardous in regard to sensitivity [4], Details of handling and disposal procedures have been collected and summarised [5],... 

Dissolve 50 mg of nickel ammonium sulfate per ml of deionized water. Apply 1ml of nickel solution per ml of gel to the column. Note The metal salt and all solutions containing it should be considered hazardous waste and disposed of according to relevant environmental regulations. 

The chemical and physical forms of nickel and its salts strongly influence bioavailability and toxicity (WHO 1991). In general, nickel compounds have low hazard when administered orally... 

Personal exposure limit (PEL), for nickel compounds, 17 120. See also Permissible exposure limits (PEL) Personal hazard protection, 21 838 Personnel. See also People commitment of, 15 474 health and safety of, 21 826-827 selection and training of, 21 857 training requirements for, 24 345-347 Persulfate redox initiation, in aqueous dispersion polymerization, 11 197-198,199 Persulfates, 18 408 26 189-190 Persulfate salts, 18 409 Persulfuric acid, 18 407—408 Perturbation... 

The chemical and physical forms of nickel and its salts strongly influence bioavailability and toxicity. In general, nickel compounds have low hazard when administered orally. In humans and other mammals, however, nickel-inhalable dust, nickel subsulflde, nickel oxide, and especially nickel carbonyl induce acute pneumonitis, central nervous system disorders, skin disorders such as dermatitis, and cancer of the lungs and nasal cavity (Table 22.1). Nickel carbonyl is acutely lethal to humans and animals within 3-13 days of exposure recovery is prolonged in survivors. An excess... 

The primary hazards from copper, zinc and nickel are their phytotoxicity, although nickel (and to a lesser extent copper) is also toxic to humans. In the environment, these metals usually occur as inorganic salts of their (-1-2) oxidation states, although Cu also occurs as... 

---