Niacinamide Ascorbate, 265,

Specifications for niacin and niacinamide for food use are given in the Vood Chemicals Codex (63) and for pharmaceutical use in the United States Pharmacopeia (64). The Codex also gives specifications for niacinamide ascorbate. 

Assay (Note Use either this Assay test or the Assay test in the monograph for Niacinamide Ascorbate.)... 

Niacinamide Ascorbate occurs as a yellow colored powder that may gradually darken upon exposure to air. It is a complex of ascorbic acid (CgHgOg) and niacinamide (CfiiySLO). One gram is soluble in 3.5 mL of water and in about 20 mL of alcohol. It is very slightly soluble in chloroform and in ether and is sparingly soluble in glycerin. 

Although polarography was introduced into pharmacopoeias in Czechoslovakia as early as in 1954, in the later edition from 1970 the number of articles prescribing a polarographic determination has been reduced (niacinamide, ascorbic acid, aureomycin and insulin). In the present edition, the method is only used for the determination of zinc in zinc-protamin insulin. More articles with a polarographic determination... 

Other systems that form eutectic mixmres are chloramphenicol-urea, sulfathiazole-urea, and niacinamide-ascorbic acid. The solid solution of chloramphenicol in urea was found to dissolve twice as rapidly as a physical mixmre of the same composition and about four times as rapidly as the pure dmg. In vivo, however, the system failed to display improved bioavailability. On the other hand, the eutectic mixmre of sulfathiazole-urea did give higher blood levels than pure sulfonamide. 

Nicopherol . See d-a-Tocopheryl nicotinate Nicotinamide. See Niacinamide Nicotinamide-ascorbic acid complex. See Niacinamide ascorbate Nicotine... 

Nickei carbonate, basic Nickel oxide (ous) nickei separation, from Co Dimethyi giyoxime nicotinamide source, multivitamins Niacinamide ascorbate nicotinic acid amide mfg. 

Ergocalciferoi Ribofiavin-5 -phosphate sodium nutrient, muitivitamin capsuies Thiamine nitrate nutrient, multivitamin tabiets Thiamine nitrate nutrient, multivitamins Niacinamide ascorbate Retinyi paimitate nutrient, oral pharmaceuticals Retinol... 

The SP procedure of water-soluble vitamins from multivitamin tablets is particularly challenging due to the diverse analytes of varied hydrophobicities and pfC. Water-soluble vitamins (WSVs) include ascorbic acid (vitamin C), niacin, niacinamide, pyridoxine (vitamin B ), thiamine (vitamin Bj), folic acid, riboflavin (vitamin B2) and others. While most WSVs are highly water soluble, riboflavin is quite hydrophobic and insoluble in water. Folic acid is acidic while pyridoxine and thiamine are basic. In addition, ascorbic acid is light sensitive and easily oxidized. The extraction strategy employed was a two-step approach using mixed solvents of different polarity and acidity as follows ... 

Vitamins made by biocatalysis include cyanocobalamin (Rh6ne-Poulenc and Merck Co), vitamin A (Hoffinann-La Roche Orsat 1999), ascorbic acid firom sorbitol via, directly, ketogulonic acid (BASF), riboflavin (Hoffinann-La-Roche, BASF, and Rhone-Poulenc/Archer-Daniels), and niacinamide fi om synthetic materials (Lonza). The list includes a vitamin-like nutrient, L-camitine... 

Ncphrocaps Ascorbic acid, folate, niacinamide, thiamine mononitrate, riboflavin. pyridoxinc HC1. cyanocobalamin, calcium junlnthetialr. jnd biotin ... 

B. The infrared absorption spectrum of a potassiumbromide dispersion of the sample exhibits maxima only at the same wavelengths as those of a similar preparation of USP Ascorbic Acid Reference Standard and of a similar preparation of USP Niacinamide Reference Standard. 

Assay Not less than 73.5% of ascorbic acid (CgHgOg) and not less than 24.5% of niacinamide (C6H6N20), calculated... 

Many vitamins are quite stable under normal processing conditions and present little or no stability problems in finished pharmaceutical products. These include biotin, niacin, niacinamide, pyridoxine, riboflavin, and a-tocopheryl acetate. Others that can present problems are ascorbic acid, calciferol, calcium pantothenate, cyanocobalamin, fola-cin, and retinyl esters. Overages above label claim are customarily added to vitamin formulations as a means of maintaining the claimed level of each vitamin for the expected shelf life of the products. The percent overage for a particular vitamin such as L-ascorbic acid will vary... 

A yellow complex of 1 molecule of niacinamide with 1 molecule of ascorbic acid also forms readily in solution by what appears to be a charge-transfer reaction. The complex has been prepared in solid form. It has been claimed that the preforming of this complex presents diflBculties with thickening and hardening of mixtures employed in soft gelatin capsules. Guttman and Brooke (289) found the extent of association between niacinamide and ascorbic acid to be pH dependent with maximum adsorbance at pH 3.8. 

Stabilization of vitamin B12 solutions in the presence of thiamine, niacinamide, and ascorbic acid has been the subject of a number of patents. Newmark (290) has described... 

Advantages cited in more recent reports with the ascorbate treatment include reduced curing time (480,483,485,487,488) better, more stable, and more uniform color (480,482,483,485,489-495), less nitrite required or lower nitrite levels (480,482,496-500), better flavor, and less rancidity. To emphasize the importance of the ascorbic acid application in lowering the residual nitrite levels in cured meat, the data of Brown et al. (497) may be examined (Table XVII). Other additives to accompany the ascorbic acid treatment of meat have been suggested. Boren-stein and Smith (501, 502) reported the use of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or its salt (preferably Fe) in combination with ascorbate and with nitrite or nitric oxide to accelerate the formation of cured meat color. Other additives (503-506) cited with ascorbic acid were cysteine (505), glutamate (504), histidine (500), niacin, niacinamide (504,505, 506), phosphates (503), and succinate (504). 

Ingredients Calcium Carbonate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Magnesium Oxide, Ferrous Fumarate, Ascorbic Acid, Maltodextrin, Gelatin, dl-Alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate, Dicalcium Phosphate Less than 2% of Beta-Carotene, Biotin, Cholecalciferol, Croscarmellose Sodium, Cupric Oxide, Cyanocobalamin, D-Calcium Pantothenate, FD C Red 40 Dye, FD C Red 40 Lake, FD C Yellow 6 Lake, Folic Acid, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Niacinamide, Polyethylene Glycol, Polysorbate 80, Potassium Iodide, Pyridoxine Flydrochloride, Riboflavin, Silicon Dioxide, Soybean Oil, Starch, Stearic Acid, Thiamine Mononitrate, Titanium Dioxide (color), Vitamin A Acetate, Zinc Oxide... 

Vitamin B2 phosphate sodium. See Riboflavin-5 -phosphate sodium Vitamin PP. See Niacinamide Vitamin A propionate. See Retinyl propionate Vitamin Q. See Ubiquinone Vitamin C sodium salt. See Sodium ascorbate Vitamin E succinate. See Tocopheryl succinate Vitamin Be tripalmitate. See Pyridoxine tripalmitate... 

Results of a Loading Test of Ascorbic Acid, Niacinamide,... 

Patton patients (22F, 22M) a combination of Patton-1 and Patton-2 where values for patients present in both l tton-1 and Patton-2 (8F, lOM) were averaged. Stanford, ascorbic acid, niacinamide, pyridoxine ... 

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