Newman-Keuls test

Significantly different from sham group. p<0.05 Newman-Keuls test... 

Significantly dififerent from 0 methysergide dose, Newman-Keuls test following significant ANOVA main effect... 

FIGURE 5.8 Bioavailability of 60-mg CoQio single dosing (early absorption). AUCo 4 h (pmol/mmol x h) after a single dose of 60-mg CoQiq. Data are expressed as mean SD. Differences between formulations were tested with ANOVA and post hoc test Student-Newman-Keuls test. p < 0.05 (both solubilizates vs oily dispersion 1 and oily dispersion 2 vs crystalline) p < 0.01 (both solubilizates vs crystalline). 

When the ANOVA shows that the means are not equal, there are several post hoc that can be used to determine where the differences lie, such as the Tukey or the Student-Newman-Keuls test. However, the use of these tests is beyond the scope of this chapter. In addition to simple one-way or one-factor ANOVA described above, other types are available to analyse more complex situations involving several factors. Again, these are beyond the scope of this chapter. 

Figure 3 Antinociceptive response observed after IV administration of RB 101 and antagonism by naloxone and naltrindole in the rat tail flick test. The results are expressed as percent analgesia SEM (n = 8) for each group. P <. 05 P <. 01 as compared to control P <. 05 as compared to the same dose without antagonist (Newman-Keuls test).

Data are expressed as the means SE. Statistical significance is assessed by two-tailed unpaired Student s t-test or one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by either Dunnett s test for multiple comparisons vs. control or the Newman-Keuls test for all pair-wise comparisons. Tests indicating a value of P < 0.05 indicate a statistically significant difference between groups. 

A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (44, 45) was then performed on the data listed in Table V for each element. The ANOVA was followed with a Student-Newman-Keuls test (46) to determine the number of subgroupings that resulted from differences in the mean metal concentrations. Six elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were shown to be at significantly different concentrations when compared between the seven groupings. 

Figure 4.5 The effect of 6-(N.N-di- -propylamino)tetrahydrobenzo[6 thiophene (34) and 5-(N,N-di- -propylamino)tetrahydrobcnzo[6]thiophene (35) on the locomotor activity of reserpinised rats. Data are presented as mean S.E.M. (n = 4). P<0.05 (Student-Newman-Keuls test).

For each attribute, the means with the same letter (a, b, c) are not significantly different at the level of 5% according to Newman-Keuls tests. All omissions have been performed for two replicates (16 panelists). Standard deviations are indicated in italic between brackets. 

Matrix effect on a taste X is defined as the difference between die mean perceived intensity of X in the cheese and the mean intmisity of X in the corresponding water-soluble extract. For each attribute, die means with the same letter (a, b, c) are not significantly different at the level of 5% accosding to Newman-Keuls tests. Calculation of each matrix effect value was performed starting with two replications of taste evaluation for both- cheese and water-soluble extract (14 panelists). Reproduced fiom reference 11. Copyright 2001 American Chemical Society... 

All results are expressed as mean SD or SEM. The group means were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed, when appropriate, by a comparison of means by Student-Newman-Keuls test. p<0.05 was considered significant. 

Means in each row with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level (Student-Newman-Keuls Test). 

Bars represent the percent of inhibition ( s.e.) of edema with respect to the corresponding control group. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA followed by Newman Keuls test p<0.05 p[Pg.417]

All data were expressed as means SEM. The Student s t test was used when two groups of data were compared. For multiple comparisons the Newman-Keuls test was used. Other statistical tests, when used, are indicated in the appropriate figure legends. A value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. 

FIGURE 2 Effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP 1 /xM) and N -niethyl-L-arginine (NMA 300 /xM), alone or in the presence of an L-arginine (Arg) excess (1.2 raM), on the vasoconstriction (A) and norepinephrine (NE) release (B) evoked by adrenergic nerve stimulation (30 sec at 4 Hz) in the mesenteric arterial bed of the rat perfused with the o 2-adrenoeeptor antagonist yohimbine (1 /aAl). Values are expressed as the means of six experiments.. Significantly different from control values by the Newman-Keuls test at P < 0.05. For other details see the legend to Fig. 1. 

Statistical analysis was made using a computer-assisted single-factor ANOVA and Newman-Keuls test multiple comparison. 

Different indices in the same line characterize significant differences (P < 0.05) found using the Student-Newman-Keuls test. 

Note For either shoots or roots, numbers followed by different letters indicate a significant difference of either Cu or Zn concentrations between treatments according to a Newman-Keuls test atp<0.05. 

Fig. 5. Bioavailability of Cu and Zn as assessed by measuring the amounts of Cu and Zn taken up by plants over the 8-day period of contact with the soil samples (mg (kg soil) ). Different letters indicate a significant difference between treatments (according to a Newman-Keuls test atp < 0.05).

The alpha level or Type I error rate-. By convention, the level of alpha is usually set at. 05, but this figure is arbitrary. The Type I error rate is the probability of falsely rejecting the null hypothesis that is, the chance of concluding that a systematic relationship exists in the population when it, in fact, does not. This possibility tends to predominate the consciousness of investigators and many post-hoc techniques (e.g., the Bonferoni inequality, the Newman-Keuls test, etc.) have been developed to control it. 

Analyzing some specific strains. Parent I had the best performance of all parent strains its diploids also seem to be superior to all other diploids (not statistically tested). In the different crosses, however, the activity of their recombinants (Rec M//I, Rec Bin, Rec P//1) varied for example the cross between M and I yielded the best recombinants for biomass and COD (Student-Newman-Keuls test, a=0.05) with an intermediate performance in relation to that of the parents, while the cross between B and I produced recombinants for biomass and COD (Student-Newman-Keuls test, a=0.05) that were less efficient than the other recombinants and less... 

Figure 1. Mean 1 SE uterine mass (mg) of females exposed to saline, male urine, or intact males. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences found with a Student-Newman-Keuls test. Sample sizes are shown within bars. Groups male = male present in cage with female urine = female treated with male urine on the nasal philtrum saline = control females treated with saline. Adapted from Solomon et al. (1996).

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed using the general linear model procedure to determine significant differences in the concentration of volatile compeunds of Rojal wines on different vintages. Student-Newman-Keuls test was conducted when the samples exhibited significance between them, with the level of significance set at P<0.05. Both ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls test were performed with SPSS 19.0 (2010) for Windows statistical package. 

Figure 13.13 Evaluation duration for the different products averaged across subjects. Different letters account for significant difference (a = 0.05) according to the Newman-Keuls test. Source Adapted from Lenfant et al. (2009).

Newman-Keuls test classified with the same letter (a, b, c, d, e, f) signifies no difference at the 0.05 level Nonsignificant toxicity (fumigation), NS no difference from control Data from [16]... 

Blend Ratios. Blends of 0, 1,3.3,10,33, or 100 pg of racemic lavandulol with 100 pg of racemic lavandulyl senecioate were tested from 2 to 23 May 2001, with traps and lures replaced on 16 May. In this and subsequent trials, data was transformed [(x + 0.5) ] and analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by a means separation test (Student-Newman-Keuls test, a = 0.05). 

Table 3 summarizes the mouse studies. There was a tremendous increase in the number of regenerated myelinated axons in the large pore conduits as compared to the small pore conduits, even though both were fabricated from the same collagen material (p < 0.05, Student-Newman-Keuls test). 

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