New Approaches in Toxicology and Risk Assessment

This chapter is not intended to present an overview of all recent developments in toxicology, but through the use of examples attempts to illustrate the breadth and variety of toxicology research and applications that touch our everyday lives. 

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Now it is 2 years later, and we have made major revisions to this edition in order to keep pace with the field of environmental toxicology. Ecological risk assessment has become the operating paradigm, and endocrine disruption has taken on a new importance. The field is more sophisticated in the data analysis tools that it uses, and multivariate approaches are becoming more common in the literature. 

Zenick, H., and E.D. Clegg. 1989. Assessment of male reproductive toxicity A risk assessment approach. Pp. 279-309 in Principles and Methods of Toxicology, 2nd Ed., A.W. Hayes, ed. New York Raven Press. 

Svensgaard DJ and Hertzberg RC (1994) Statistical methods for toxicological evaluation of the additivity assumption as used in the EPA Chemical Mixture Risk Assessment Guidelines. In Yang R (ed.) Toxicology of Chemical Mixtures Case Studies, Mechanisms, and Novel Approaches, pp. 599-642. New York Academic Press. 

Mumtaz MM, De Rosa C, Durkin PR. 1994. Approaches and challenges in risk assessments of chemical mixtures. In Toxicology of chemical mixtures. New York, NY Academic Press, 565-597. 

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