Network-critical physical infrastructure

Critical infrastructure—Systems, assets, and networks, whether physical or virtual, so vital to the United States that the incapacity or destruction of such systems and assets would have a debilitating impact on security, national economic security, national public health or safety, or any combination. 

In our case we can see aphysical dependency of generators on the supply of gas to produce electricity. On the other hand, the SCADA system controlling the gas supply network will require electricity from the power plants to operate and will affect the transmission network by exchange of information, which constitutes a cyber dependency. We could speak of Physical/Cyber interdependency between the two systems. Many other composed types of interdependencies could be identified between critical infrastructures. 

From the societal viewpoint the critical infrastructure there are mutually interconnected networks and systems that include the identified sectors and institutions (including humans and procedures) that provide the reliable flow of products and services substantive for defence and economic safety, that is understood as the state capability to compete on global markets while there are on acceptable level the real public incomes and the public administration functions on each society levels (Moteff et al. 2003). It means that the critical infrastructure is a set of partial infrastructures from different sectors of a human system (see e.g. act No. 183/2006 Col.), that are composed of physical elements and of processes that used these elements for fulfilment of the tasks of each partial infrastructure. A functionality of this set of partial infrastructures predetermines the human system safety (Prochazkova 2007a). It is caused by a fact that to economic safety there are joined the other ones (Moteff et al. 2003), the physical safety that is connected with risks caused from disasters of all kinds and the cyber safety that is connected with the disasters affecting the computer networks. Individual items o f each infrastructure according to this work are subdivided to elements and typical processes as there are the distribution, storage, payments, recycling, data transfer, transport etc. 

Abstract. One of the main tasks that can be performed with a Bayesian Network (BN) is the probabilistic inference of imobserved values given evidence. Recently, a framework for physical simulation of critical infrastructures was introduced, accounting for interdependencies and uncertainty this framework includes the modeling of the interconnected components of a critical infrastructure network as a BN. In this paper we address the problem of the triangulation of the resulting BN, that is the first step in many exact inference algorithms. 

Although the concept of critical infrastructure often is broadly defined to include both physical networks, e.g. transportation, and more sodal/societal functions, e.g. emergency services and governmental services, the term to is more commonly associated to physical assets or systems in practice. Therefore, this paper also uses the term critical societal functions to emphasize that the interest here is not only on the more physically-related systems. A search, dated 2014-02-17, on the online database Scopus (www.scopus.com) on the keywords infrastructure AND interdependenc gives 965 hits. From 1997-2002 the hit rate is about 10-15 per year whereas since then it has gradually increased to around 100-120 hits per year. 

The condition of a city or region s critical infrastructure is a primary element in economic recovery. Earthquakes are damaging to road, power, water, and telecommimication networks. The recovery of these services can be measured in terms of total level of damage (in physical and monetary terms) and the progress of... 

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