Nephrotoxicity nervous system

Effects of repeated ethylene glycol peroral overexposure in treated rats and mice can result in kidney, Hver, and nervous system damage. The most sensitive indicators of ethylene glycol toxicity are disturbances in acid—base balance and nephrotoxic (kidney) effects. Effects of repeated chronic peroral overexposure of diethylene glycol in treated rats result in kidney and Hver damage (48). 

Drug interactions Proleukin may affect central nervous system function. Therefore interactions could occur following concomitant administration of psychotropic drugs. Concurrent administration of drugs possessing nephrotoxic, myelotoxic, cardiotoxic, or hepatotoxic effects with Proleukin may increase toxicity in these organ systems. Reduced kidney and liver function secondary to Proleukin treatment may delay elimination of concomitant medications and increase the risk of adverse events from those drugs. Beta-blockers and other antihypertensives may potentiate the hypotension seen with Proleukin. 

In acute poisoning with colchicine, there is hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, extensive vascular damage, nephrotoxicity, muscular depression, and an ascending paralysis of the central nervous system. 

The main targets of heavy metal toxicity are the kidneys and central nervous system. In humans, occupational or environmental exposure of inorganic heavy metals is known to be nephrotoxic at relatively high levels of exposure, with numerous reports of tubulointerstitial nephritis possibly... 

The pathophysiology of ciclosporin-induced hypertension is complex and not yet fully elucidated. Increased systemic vascular resistance subsequent to altered vascular endothelium function, renal vasoconstriction with reduced glomerular filtration and sodium-water retention, and/or increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system were suggested, while only a minor role or none was attributed to the renin-angiotensin system (10). However, hypertension often occurs before changes in renal function or sodium balance can be demonstrated, and ciclosporin nephrotoxicity alone does not explain ciclosporin-associated hypertension (8,11). 

Adverse effects, in up to 60% of patients, are closely related to indometacin s strong anti-inflammatory potency. Gastric irritation, including ulcers, bleeding, and perforation, predominates. Nervous system comphca-tions are related to cerebral edema. Headache is common. Hematological effects are infrequently reported. Nephrotoxicity is exacerbated by pre-existing renal impairment. Ocular toxicity can follow long-term use. 

In an open, non-comparative study in 1267 patients, performed to test tenoxicam safety in general practice, the most common adverse reactions were gastrointestinal (11%), central and peripheral nervous system disorders (2.8%), and skin reactions (2.5%) (3). Patients who take long-term tenoxicam are at low risk of nephrotoxicity. The prevalence of urinary system adverse effects was 0.07% in trials that included 67 000 patients (4). 

Apart from their acute and chronic toxicity, mycotoxins may possess carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic properties. They may act primarily on the liver (hepatotoxicity), kidney (nephrotoxicity), nervous (neurotoxicity), and immune systems (immunotoxicity or immunosuppression), on the uterus (uterotropism), and on the skin (dermatotoxicity), or they may act as... 

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