Nausea/vomiting physiology

Physiological action Irritates causes nausea, vomiting, and blisters. 

The physiological effects include an increase in blood pressure and body temperature, nystagmus, slurred speech, ataxia, blurred vision, excessive sweating and salivation, fast heart rate, nausea, vomiting, and extraordinary strength. Deaths have been recorded from heart or respiratory failure. 

SAFETY PROFILE Human poison by inhalation, skin contact, and intravenous routes. Experimental poison by ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, subcutaneous, intravenous, intraperitoneal, and intramuscular routes. A nerve gas. Vapor does not penetrate skin liquid does so rapidly. The primary physiological action is on the sympathetic nervous system, causing a vasoparesis (partial paralysis of the vasomotor nerves, which control the diameter of the blood vessels). Vapors when inhaled can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, which can be followed by muscular twitching and convulsions. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame can react with oxidizing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of POx, CN, and NOx. See also PARATHION and CYANIDE. 

Fluid retention/edema Headaches Hot flashes Muscle aches/pains Nausea/vomiting Palpitations Weight gain Physiologic Symptoms... 

Cholinergic Resembling acetylcholine, especially in physiological action. Cholinergic symptoms include nausea, vomiting, headache, and sweating. 

The physiologic responses from the use of cocaine in humans are euphoria and excitement, making it a habit-forming substance. Such addictive potential has also been observed in rats (Hartman 1978). High doses can produce confusion, hallucinations, delirium, convulsions, hypothermia, and respiratory failure. It is a toxicant to the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. The acute poisoning symptoms, in addition to those stated above, are nausea, vomiting, abdominal pains, and dilation of the pupils. 

Trichloroethylene is acutely toxic, primarily because of its anesthetic effect on the central nervous system. Exposure to high vapor concentrations is likely to cause headache, vertigo, tremors, nausea and vomiting, fatigue, intoxication, unconsciousness, and even death. Because it is widely used, its physiological effects have been extensively studied. 

Physiological effects of Rohypnol are similar to those experienced with other sedatives and anesthetics and include drowsiness, dizziness, lack of coordination, confusion, decreased blood pressure, respiratory depression, nausea, and vomiting. Increased dosages can result in blackouts that may include partial amnesia. 

Behavioral effects of opioids include euphoria, sedation and mental clouding. Physiological effects include respiratory depression, decreased heart rate, contraction of the pupil, constipation, nausea, and vomiting. Opioids can also release histamine from body stores, causing severe itching, hypotension, sweating, and flushing. 

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