Natural cellulose fibres areas

Graupner, N., Herrmami, A.S., Mussig, J. Natural and man-made cellulose fibre-reinforced polyflactic acid) (PLA) composites An overview about mechanical characteristics and application areas. Compos. A 40, 810-821 (2009)... 

The proportion of bio-based materials in each of the sectors of elastomers and fibres accounted for almost 40% due to the use of 290 000 t of natural rubber and 300 000 t of cellulosic fibres. The market size for thermoplastics and thermosets amounted to circa 15.8 million t, of which circa 12.5 million t accounted for rigid materials, mainly in packaging, building and construction, automotive and electronics industries as well as for furniture and consumer goods. A volume of 3.3 million t is attributed to adhesives, paints and lacquers, binders and other polymeric additives. In these areas it is estimated that bio-based materials... 

In the mid twenties several circumstances permitted a revised orientation of both content and style of areas of research at the Central Research Laboratory. In 1925 the Technical Committee (TEA) of I.G. Farben discussed the possibilities for producing artificial fibres. At this time, I.G. Farben was the second largest producer of artificial fibres in Germany. Therefore polymer chemistry became more important for the company at the same time as dyestuffs chemistry lost its former position. However, the science of synthetic, semi-synthetic and natural polymers was not yet established in the same way as structural chemistry was for organic dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, and intermediates. Colloid chemists regarded substances such as cellulose, silk, and wool as... 

Hemodialysis units are usually hoUow-fibre devices with a membrane area of 0.5-1.5 m. The classical membrane material is regenerated cellulose, closest to the natural material. Other membranes include polyether sulphone (PES) and polysulphone (PS), which are made somewhat hydrophilic by blending with PVP, a necessary requirement to address the problems of biocompatibUity and fouhng by proteins [39]. The membranes are asymmetric (10—100 pm thick) with a narrow pore size distribution and the pore diameter less than 10 nm [17]. 

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