National Water Quality Monitoring

A. Y. Cantillo, G. G. Lauenstein, Performance-based quality assurance - the NOAA National Status and Trends Program experience. Proceedings of the National Water-Quality Monitoring Council National Conference, Reno, NV. July 7-9, 1998, III-63 - III-73. 

Kwiatkowski, R.E. (1991) Statistical needs in national water quality monitoring programmes. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 17, 253-271. 

NON-POINT SOURCE WATER QUALITY MONITORING, INYO NATIONAL FOREST, 1975. (1976) (Sponsor U.S. Forest Service)... 

Chao, L. Wang, L.K. Wang, M.H.S. Use of the Ames Mutagenicity Bioassay as a Water Quality Monitoring Method, PB88-168422/AS US Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service Springfield, VA, 1986 25 p. 

K. M. Eehlberg Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory Determination of pesticides in water by C-18 solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoring U.S. Geological Survey Open-Eile Report 95-181, Denver, CO (1995) 49. 

Ayodele, J.T., Momoh, R.U. Amm, M. (1996). Determination of heavy metals in Sharada Industrial effluents, in water quality monitoring and environmental status in Nigeria. Proceedings of the National Seminar on Water Quality Monitoring and Status in Nigeria, organized by Federal Environmental Protection Agency and National Water Resources Institute. October 16-18. pp 158-166. 

In the recent years, water treatment has drawn considerable attention. It is among one of the priority areas for the development plan for all the nations worldwide. Various policies are formed and practiced at many levels to combat this war for availability of potable water as well as for various applications in industries. Continuous research and development is being carried out in various parts of the world to deal with their local problem related to water quality monitoring, treattnent and uniform supply. One of the common goals is toward providing an economically viable solution for water treatment. 

In 1974, the Harmonized Monitoring Programme was set up by the Department of the Environment (DoE). The objective was to provide a network of sites at the lower end of catchments, where water quality data could be collected and analysed in a nationally consistent manner, allowing the loads of materials carried through river catchments into estuaries to be estimated and long-term trends in river quality to be assessed. The complete list of substances to be monitored is diverse and specifies about 115 substances. The pesticides aldrin, dieldrin, y-HCH, heptachlor, p,p -DDT and p,p -DDE are included. Figures 1 and 2 show the downward trend of y-HCH and dieldrin over the past 20 years at the Harmonized Monitoring Sites. This confirms that reductions in environmental concentrations have been achieved, particularly over the past 10 years. 

Brass HJ, Feige MA, Halloran T, et al. 1977. The national organic monitoring survey Sampling and analyses for purgeable organic compounds. In Pojasek RB, ed. Drinking Water Quality Enhancement Source Protection. Ann Arbor, Ml Arm Arbor Science, 393-416. 

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