Nanoparticle from biodegradable polymers

Quintanar-Guerrero, D. Alleman, E. Fessi, H. Doelker, E. Preparation techniques and mechanisms of formation of biodegradable nanoparticles from preformed polymers. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 1998, 24, 1113-1128. 

Ydens I, Degee P, Nouvel C, Dellacherie E, Six JL, Dubois P (2005) Surfactant-free stable nanoparticles from biodegradable and amphiphilic poly(e caprolactone)-grafted dextran copolymers. e-Polymers 46 1-11... 

Synthetic and natural polymers have been investigated which are biodegradable and biocompatible. The nanospheres are formed by precipitation of synthetic polymers or by denatu-ration/solidification of polymers of natural origin. Four techniques have been reported for preparing nanoparticles from synthetic preformed polymers. These include ... 

This is a method to obtain colloidal drug delivery systems from preformed, well-defined macromolecular materials with known physicochemical and biological properties. Biodegradable nanoparticles from PLA, PLG, PLGA, and poly(E-caprolactone) have been prepared by dispersing the polymers (Vauthier et al. 1991 Couvreur et al. 1995). 

Polymer nanoparticles including nanospheres and nanocapsules (Fig. 1) can be prepared according to numerous methods that have been developed over the last 30 years. The development of these methods occurred in several steps. Historically, the first nanoparticles proposed as carriers for therapeutic applications were made of gelatin and cross-linked albumin. Then, to avoid the use of proteins that may stimulate the immune system and to limit the toxicity of the cross-linking agents, nanoparticles made from synthetic polymers were developed. At first, the nanoparticles were made by emulsion polymerization of acrylamide and by dispersion polymerization of methylmethacry-late.f These nanoparticles were proposed as adjuvants for vaccines. However, since they were made of non-biodegradable polymers, these nanoparticles were rapidly substituted by particles made of biodegradable... 

Polymeric Nanoparticles. Polymeric nanoparticles are nanoscale aggregates of biocompatible or biodegradable polymers. The size of nanoparticles varies from 10 to 1000 nm, and obviously, particles with a size smaller than 200 nm are preferable for tumor-targeted drug delivery. 

Nanoparticles, 10-1000 nm polymeric particles, are prepared from the same natural and synthetic biodegradable polymers as microspheres. ° Albumin nanoparticles are prepared by the cross-linking processes mentioned previously. For the preparation of particles from synthetic polymers, heterogeneous bulk polymerization techniques of suspension, emulsion, and micelle polymerization are often used. 

Agnihotri and Vavia prepared polymeric nanoparticle snspensions (NS) from poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and poly(lactide-co-glycolide-lencine) poly[Lac(Glc-Leu)] biodegradable polymers... 

Biopolymeric nanocomposites can be easily made using nanoparticles that are derived from biobased polymers. This is an added advantage in terms of reducing inorganic content in the nanocomposites with improved mechanical properties and without affecting inherent biodegradability. 

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