Nanocomposites synergistic effect

J. Kim, K. Lee, K. Lee, J. Bae, J. Yang, and S. Hong, Studies on the thermal stabilization enhancement of ABS synergistic effect of triphenyl phosphate nanocomposite, epoxy resin, and silane coupling agent mixtures, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 79(2) 201-207, 2003. 

In this chapter, we have discussed recent developments of intumescent flame-retarded materials in terms of reaction and resistance to fire. Research work in intumescence is very active. New molecules (commercial molecules and new concepts) have appeared. Nanocomposites are a relatively new technology in the held of flame retardancy. This technology gives the best results combined with conventional FRs and leads to synergistic effects with intumescent systems. Very promising developments in the synergy aspects are then expected and efforts should be continued in this way. 

L.Ye, P. Ding, M. Zhang, and B. Qu, Synergistic effects of exfoliated LDH with some halogen-free flame retardants in LDPE/EVA/HFMH/LDH nanocomposites, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2007,107 3694—3701. 

Keywords polymer nanocomposite, clay, CNTs, synergistic effect, network. 

In the previous several years, various nanoparticles have been assembled into pairs to fabricate polymer nanocomposites, such as clay/silica (45), clay/carbon black (43), CNTs/clay (41,42), and CNTs/Titanium (38). Polymer/CNTs/clay ternary composite is one of most important multiphase systems with interesting synergistic effect, where sodium based montmorillonite (MMT) are the most commonly used layered clay. In this chapter, we will select some typical examples to demonstrate the importance and synergies of using CNTs and clay together in the preparation of polymer nanocomposites. 

Chitosan has been utilized along with hydrothermally prepared nano-ZnO nanoparticles for DNA hybridization detection. The detection limit is obtained as 1.09 x 10"11 mol L 1 of complementary target [66], A MWNTs/nanoZnO/CH modified nanocomposite GCE electrode has been used for DNA immobilization via physisorption. This biosensor can effectively discriminate different DNA sequences related to PAT gene in the transgenic com, with detection limit of 2.8 x K)"12 mol/L of target sequence [67], In another report they have deposited ZnO nanoparticles, MWNTs and CH layer onto glassy carbon electrode to immobilize ssDNA probe. A remarkable synergistic effect of the ZnO nanoparticles and MWNTs has been achieved after ssDNA probe immobilization for fabrication of sensitive electrochemical DNA biosensor. The modified electrode shows a wide linear response for DNA hybridization detection. (1.0 x 10"11 to 1.0 x 10"6 mol/L) with detection limit of 2.8 x 1 O 12 mol/L [68],... 

X. Wang, T. Yang, Y. Feng, K. Jiao, and G. Li, A novel hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on the synergistic effect of gold-platinum alloy nanoparticles/polyaniline nanotube/chitosan nanocomposite membrane. Electroanalysis, 21, 819-825 (2009). 

Xu, J., Wang, K., Zu, S.-Z., Han, B.-H., Wei, Z., 2010. Hierarchical nanocomposites of polyaniline nanowire arrays on graphene oxide sheets with synergistic effect for energy storage. ACS Nano 4, 5019-5026. 

Gao et al demonstrated the electrochemical synthesis of layer-by-layer (LBL) rGO/PANI nanocomposites for electrochemical applications [100]. The rGO/PANI nanocomposites consist of a well-compact LBL stacking nanostructure. The improved electrochemical performances of the rGO/ PANI nanocomposites can be attributed to the synergistic effect between the two components. Wei et al prepared GO/PANI nanocomposites by the electropolymerization of aniline onto the GO-coated ITO glass slides [131]. The UV-visible spectra of PANI and GO/PANI nanocomposites were recorded at different potentials. A characteristic band at 750 nm is... 

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