Nanocomposites, bioactivity

Rhee, S. and Choi J. (2002) Preparation of a bioactive poly(methyl methacrylate) /silica nanocomposite. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 85, 1318-1320. 

Yoo, J.J. and Rhee S.H. (2004) Evaluations of bioactivity and mechanical properties of poly (e-caprolactone) silica nanocomposite following heat treatment. Journal of... 

The higher surface area of CNTs can support a much higher density of enzymes than previous approaches such as thin films. Their high aspect ratio aids in the retention of enzyme-CNT conjugates in the matrix. CNTs also enhance the stability of adsorbed proteins relative to micro- or macro-scale supports, thereby helping to preserve or enhance enzyme bioactivity in the nanocomposites (Wang,... 

For example, Asuri and his co-workers (Asuri et al., 2007) reported that the proteases attached to the surface of SWCNTs can create self-cleaning surfaces that resist protein adsorption. This kind of SWCNT-enzyme composite exhibited 30 times higher overall catalytic activity than control composites where the proteases were conjugated to a non-nanoscale graphite support. Importantly, the enzymes preserved more than 90% of their initial activity over 30% days in the liquid buffer, with only negligible amounts of enzymes leaching out. The result demonstrates that the nanocomposites of SWCNTs and polymers can act as hosts for enzymes and can prevent protein contamination on the surface of medical devices. We consider that SWCNTs may have the function as biocatalyst to improve the enzyme activity attached to the surface of CNTs. Our previous work also indirectly hints that CNTs could improve the bioactivity of enzymes such as Taq enzyme Cui et al. (2004). However, there are also adverse reports. CNTs can... 

BSA + glucose/silica containing nanocomposites demonstrated much higher bioactivity than BSA + fructose/silica nanocomposites. It is interesting to note that glucose was chosen by evolution as a terminal carbohydrate in oligosaccharide chains used in animal cell membranes receptors, while fructose was not. 

Jose MV et al (2010) Aligned bioactive multi-component nanofibrous nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Macromol Biosci 10(4) 433 144... 

Hatakeyama H., Hatakeyama T. Lignin structure, properties and applications. In Abe A., Dusek K., Kobayashi S. (eds.) Biopolymers. Lignin, Proteins, Bioactive Nanocomposites, vol. 232, pp. 1-63. Springer, Berlin, Adv. Polym Sci. (2010)... 

The advances in hybrid nanotechnology involving nucleic acids are mostly linked with sequence-specific nucleic acid interactions. Ti02-oligonucleotide nanocomposites retain the intrinsic photocat-alytic capacity of Ti02 as well as the bioactivity of the oligonucleotide DNA therefore, the developments in this area have been oriented toward cellular imaging and protein or DNA sensor microarrays [38]. 

Polymer nanofibers for biomedical and biotechnological applications such as tissue engineering, controlled drug release, wound dressing, medical implants, nanocomposites for dental restoration, molecular separation, biosensors, and preservation of bioactive agents were reviewed. ... 

Thomas, V., Jagani, S., Johnson, K., Jose, M.V., Dean, D.R., Vohra, Y.K., Nyairo, E. Electrospun bioactive nanocomposite scaffolds of polycaprolactone and nanohydroxyapatite for bone tissue engineering. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 6,487-493 (2006)... 

Carbon-based nanocomposites refer to a class of composites modified or reinforced by carbon nanostructures such as carbon nanotube (CNT), carbon nanofiber (CNF), and particulate nanodimond (PND). Here, the strategy of utilizing carbon nanostructures, primarily CNT and CNF, to improve osteogenic property and bioactivity of the nanocomposites is primarily discussed. The strategy of promoting mechanical properties of orthopedic implants by creating carbon-based nanocomposites will be discussed in Chapter 5. 

Boccaccini AR, Erol M, Stark WJ, Mohn D, Hong Z, JoF Mano. Polymer/bioactive glass nanocomposites for biomedical applications a review. Compos Sci Technol 2010 70 1764-76. 

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