Naming, acid anhydrides ethers

Synonyms and trade names acetic acid anhydride, acetyl acetate, acetic oxide, acetyl oxide, ethanoic anhydride, acetyl ether, hydroxybiacetyl, acetanhydride, anhydride acetique, anhydrid kyseliny octove, anidride ace-tica, azijnzuuranhydride, octowy bezwodnik. 

Phenolphthalein. Alophen, Ex-Lax, Feen-a-Miat, Modane, and Phenolax are trade names for phenolphthaleia [77-09-8] (3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphen5l)-l-(3ff)-l isobensofuranone) (10). It is a white or faintiy yellowish white crystalline powder, odorless and stable ia air, and practically iasoluble ia water one gram is soluble ia 15 mL alcohol and 100 mL diethyl ether. Phenolphthaleia may be prepared by mixing phenol, phthaHc anhydride, and sulfuric acid, and heating at 120°C for 10—12 h. The product is extracted with boiling water, then the residue dissolved ia dilute sodium hydroxide solution, filtered, and precipitated with acid. 

Chromic Acid. (Chromic Anhydride or Chromium Trioxide), [Chrom (Vl)-oxyd in Ger]. CrO, mw 100,01 (The name "chromic acid is in common use, although the true acid l CrO, exists only in soln). Dark purplish-red deliq crysts, mp 197° (dec), d 2.70 at 20° v sol in w sol in ale ether. Solubilities in w at different temps are given in Ref 2a, pl996- Can be prepd by treating Na dichromate with coned... 

As can be seen from equations 2-5, the formation of A -acylenamines proceeds from derivatives of carboxylic acids (having an oxidation level equal to three ), namely anhydrides or add halides RCOX or amides RCONH2, on the one hand, and from carbonyl compounds or their derivatives (oxidation level equal to two ), namely enamines 3, acetylenes 5, or vinyl ethers 6, on the other. Indeed, the acetylenes 5, being the dehydration products of enols, may be regarded as having a masked carbonyl functionwhile the enamines 3 rank with vinyl ethers, vinyl esters and enols, as the heteroanalogs of these carbonyl derivatives (see Section IV). 

Oxidative dimerisation of a guaiacyl system, namely prestegane B, in dichloromethane containing boron trifluoride etherate was achieved in 80% yield by addition to a stirred suspension of ruthenium dioxide dihydrate in dichloromethane containing triflic acid/triflic anhydride (in the proportions 8 2 1) at 0°C followed by reaction for 3 hours (ref.73). 

Cyclic allq lene phosphonates, namely 2-oxo-l,3,2-dioxaphospholanes and 2-oxo-l,3,2-dioxaphosphorinanes, can be obtained through either the controlled hydrolysis of the corresponding phosphorus(III) derivative (Scheme 6.9, route A) or by a transesterification reaction between a diol and a diall l phosphonate (Scheme 6.9, route B). An alternative method has been described, based on the reaction of cyclic ethers with phosphonic acid in the presence of acetic anhydride. ... 

Meyer and Schuster discovered the rearrangement that carries their names in an attempt to convert a-acetylenic alcohols such as 1 to the respective tertiary chloride in the presence of an acetyl chloride catalyst. Rather than the expected chloride products, a,p-imsaturated ketone 2 was obtained via a previously unknown acid-catalyzed rearrangement. Further research demonstrated the ability of a variety of acid catalysts (i.e., acetic acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, ether saturated with dry hydrogen chloride, and acetic anhydride) to induce the observed transformation. ... 

Compound Name Methyl Acetate Propionic Acid Propionic Anhydride Methyl Mercaptan Dimethyl Sulfide Formic Acid Methyl Alcohol Hexamethylenetetramine Methoxychlor Methoxychlor Diethylebe Glycol Monomethyl Ether Methylacetylene-Propadiene Mixture Methylacetylene-Propadiene Mixture Crotonaldehyde Methyl Acrylate Methyl Formal Methyl Alcohol Methallyl Chloride Methylamine N-Methylaniline Methyl Amyl Acetate Methyl Amyl Alcohol Methyl Isobutyl Carbinol N-Amyl Methyl Ketone O-Toluidine 0-Toluidine N-Methylaniline N-Methylaniline Propyleneiniiine. 

The poly(methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride) polymer is used as a thickener in many products such as lotions and creams, styling gels, and shampoos. This is available under the trade name Gantrez from GAP Corporation. The mechanism of thickening of this pol3rmer is similar to the polyacrylic acid polymers. The U.S. Patent 5385729 is an example of poly(methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride) polymer as a thickener in hair- or skin-treating gels [24]. 

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