Names, colloquial

Systematic name Colloquial name Known receptor usage... 

Ruthless adherence to full systematic nomenclature throughout these volumes would serve little useful purpose. While it is necessary for the Chemical Abstracts indexes to avoid colloquial forms, most of our contributors seem to agree that insistence on the use of, e.g. 4(17f)-pyridinone at every point, rather than the traditional but less precise 4-pyridone , produces a pedantic effect on the English style. So old-fashioned forms like pyridone coexist here with systematic names, the choice being dictated by the individual authors of the chapters. 

It is often the case that chemists involved or familiar with ethylene oxide (oxiran) chemistry refer to these cyclic oligomers as EO-4, EO-6 and EO-7 respectively. Such designations are informal if not colloquial but, like any name, are useful if they correctly convey an idea. The difficulty with these informalities, indeed with the crown nomenclature system is that it cannot adequately deal with complicated structures or even isomers of simple ones. 

Just as 1 g and 1 m are units for physical properties, so too is the unit 1 mol. The mole is the unit for the physical property formally called the amount of substance, n. However, that name has found little favor among chemists, who colloquially refer to n as the number of moles. A compromise, which is gaining acceptance, is to refer to n as the chemical amount or simply amount of entities present in a sample. Thus, 1.0000 mol of hydrogen atoms... 

Elektron A family of processes, operated by Magnesium Elektron, UK, for making magnesium, magnesium-zirconium alloys, and zirconium chemicals. In the 1920s and 30s, the names elektron and elektronmetall were used colloquially in Germany for magnesium metal. 

Pig and ore A colloquial name for the Siemens Open Hearth process. 

Salt-cake One of the two processes comprising the Leblanc process for making sodium carbonate. Salt-cake was the colloquial name for sodium sulfate. 

In the previous paragraphs a brief account has been given of the fundamental aspects of the crystallographic description of the structures and structure types of solid phases. A number of symbols and names have been defined and their application to intermetallic compounds exemplified. It must, however, be underlined that both for historical reasons and for the need to improve classification and interpretation of the structural characteristics of intermetallic phases, other symbols and nomenclature criteria have been invented. Some of them have a mathematical basis, others are more colloquial. A selection of these criteria will be given in the following. 

This is the name of what we used to know simply as the data sheet, or colloquially as the package insert. The SPC is the document that must be submitted in draft by companies to the MHRA/Reference Member State/European Medicines Evaluation Agency upon application for a marketing authorisation and, once approved, must then be provided to prescribers or suppliers of medicines, either with the product or at the time of promotion or within the previous 15 months of promotion of the product, written or verbal. The SPC includes the prescribing information for the product and represents the product licence approval for the medicine (see Section 12.2.1.1). It is the definitive statement between the competent authority and the company and, more importantly, is becoming the common basis of communication between the... 

Bombs, Buzz". Brit colloquial term for the Ger WWII flying bomb V l(Vergeltungswaffe Eins) (Revenge Weapon 1) so named for the buzz-like noise of its pulse-jet engine(Ref 1). Officially the bomb was known in Germany as FZG-76 and in the US it was designated as JB-2 Bomb. For its description see Refs 2 3 Refs 1)F.Bellinger et al.IEC 38,161-9(1946)... 

There is no doubt that Pearson did not suggest something entirely new, as we have already seen, but he generalized the concepts derived from the mass-action law (formation constants and Bransted acidity) in a variety of new ways. Many chemists have felt that hard-hard interactions are a new name for electrovalent (ionic) bonding and soft-soft interactions for covalent bonding37. This is also a part of the truth, but other aspects are far more sophisticated and deserve detailed discussion. Other chemists sharply criticize the short and colloquial words hard and soft . In the writer s... 

The coagulum formed during polymerization may take many forms and is commonly referred to by many names, often colloquial, e.g., reactor fouling, filterable solids, button, sediment, silt, grit, seeds, sand, waste, scrap, or worse. In this discussion, the term "coagulum" will be used to denote any polymer recovered in a form other than stable latex. 

Number Number of Zeros Name (Scientific Community) Colloquial Name (U.K., France, Germany)... 

The Colloquies of Erasmus, 248-54. Interestingly, Robert Boyle included a character named Philoponus, "Lover of Work," to defend the chymists in his Dialogue on Transmutation. One wonders whether Boyle had Erasmus in mind when he named this character. See Lawrence M. Principe, The Aspiring Adept Robert Boyle and His Alchemical Quest (Princeton, N.J. Princeton University Press, 1998), 98-103. 

Misuse alert Sometimes the word electricity is colloquially misused as if it named a physical quantity, such as The capacitor stores electricity, or Electricity in a resistor produces heat. Such usage should be avoided In all such cases there s available a more specific or precise word, such as The capacitor stores electrical energy, The resistor is heated by the electric current, and The utility company charges me for the electric energy I use. (I am not being charged based... 

Also, those interested in mycological field research continued to study Psilocybe subaeruginosa and even discovered the species in the northern part of the country. Like Psilocybe cubensis, this species is also known by the colloquial name of "gold top", whereas Panaeolus cyanescens, a species that wasn t discovered until later, acquired the nickname "blue meanies" within the counterculture (an expression that refers to a collection of several fruiting bodies). It is likely that these mushrooms were named after the small blue men featured in the classic psychedelic Beatles movie "Yellow Submarine", which was released in 1968. 

According to British users, the effects of Psilocybe semilanceata include intense visuals without any of the negative feelings that may be caused by ESD. British colloquial names for the mushroom are quite poetic, such as ... 

This interconvertibility of structure and name is invaluable to the organic chemist. It follows his normal line of thought, produces names that are largely familiar in connotation, and requires little effort to use. There will be a long list of exceptions to the general or colloquial use of such names, but so there will be with any formal system, for Foster s dictum (6) on the two languages necessary for the science is still true. 

The Colloquies is a landmark in the history of psychopharmacology. Written in the form of a dialogue between himself and a colleague from Salamanca named Ruano, Da Orta describes for his readers the effects of various hallucinogenic drags commonly used in India. Among those which receive special attention are opium, datura, and of course, bangue, the concoction made from cannabis. 

One of the earlier processes for reducing Indigo, based on the use of chemicals instead of micro-organisms, was with copperas , the colloquial name for ferrous sulphate. The ferrous sulphate was dissolved in water and lime water added ferrous hydroxide was then precipitated which rapidly reacted with the oxygen with the formation of ferric hydroxide, accompanied by the liberation of hydrogen. 

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