Names and Formulas of Ionic Compounds

All ionic compound names give the positive ion (cation) first and the negative ion (anion) second. Here are some points to note about ion charges  

Compounds Formed from Monatomic Ions Let s first consider how to name binary ionic compounds, those composed of ions of two elements. 

For example, the anion formed from brom/ne is named bromide (brom-l-ide). Therefore, the compound formed from the metal calcium and the nonmetal bromine is named calcium bromide. 

SAMPLE PROBLEM 2.5 Naming Binary Ionic Compounds 

Problem Name the ionic compound formed from the following pairs of elements  

Recall from Section 2.7 that ionic compounds usually consist of metal ions combined with nonmetal ions. The metals form the cations, and the nonmetals form the anions. 

An older method still widely used for distinguishing between differently charged ions of a metal uses the endings -ous and -ic added to the root of the element s Latin name  

Although we will only rarely use these older names in this text, you might encounter them elsewhere. 

These two ions are the only ions of this kind that we will encounter frequently in the text. 

The names and formulas of some common cations are shown in T Table 2.4 and on the back inside cover of the text. The ions on the left side in Table 2.4 are 

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SECTION THREE Names and Formulas of Ionic Compounds... 

The composition of an ionic compound is determined by overall charge neutrality. The total positive charge on the cations must exactly balance the total negative charge on the anions. The following names and formulas of ionic compounds illustrate this point ... 

There is a tutorial on the textbook s Web site that provides practice converting between names and formulas of ionic compounds. 

Names and formulas of compounds form the vocabulary of the chemical language. In this discussion, you ll learn the names and formulas of ionic and simple covalent compounds and how to calculate the mass of a unit of a compound from its formula. 

New Concept Checks include the names and formulas of ionic and covalent compounds. 

In names and formulas of coordination compounds, cations come first followed by anions. This is the same order as in simple ionic compounds like NaCl for sodium chloride. For example, the formula [Pt(NH3)4][PtCl4] represents the coordination compound tetraammineplatinum(II) tetrachioridoplati-nate(ll). 

Give the name and formula of an ionic compound involving only the elements in each pair that follows. Write Lewis symbols for the elements both before and after chemical combination. 

Atoms and Molecules 2-2 Chemical Formulas 2-3 Ions and Ionic Compounds 2-4 Names and Formulas of Some Ionic Compounds 2-5 Atomic Weights 2-6 The Mole... 

The names of some common ions appear in Table 2-3. You will need to know the names and formulas of these frequently encountered ions. They can be used to write the formulas and names of many ionic compounds. We write the formula of an ionic compound by adjusting the relative numbers of positive and negative ions so their total charges cancel (i.e., add to zero). The name of an ionic compound is formed by giving the names of the ions, with the positive ion named first. 

Seawater contains many dissolved substances, mostly dissolved sodium chloride. In Chapter 4, you learned that sodium chloride is an ionic compound. Another ionic compound found dissolved in seawater is magnesium chloride. Some common ionic compounds used in everyday life are potassium chloride, a salt substitute used by people avoiding sodium for health reasons potassium iodide, added to table salt to prevent iodine deficiency and sodium fluoride, added to many toothpastes to strengthen tooth enamel. You will learn how to use the language of chemistry to name and write the formulas of ionic compounds. 

Review the following concepts before studying this chapter. Chapter 5 names and formulas of common acids and bases Chapter 13 dissociation of ionic compounds hydrogen bonding... 

As we noted earlier, chemists have established different sets of rules for writing the names and formulas of different types of chemical compounds, so the first step in writing a name from a chemical formula is to decide what type of compound the formula represents. A chemical formula for an ionic compound will have one of the following forms. 

Analyze We are given the names and formulas of two ionic compounds and asked to predict whether they are soluble or insoluble in water. 

These chapters introduce you to the two main types of bonding found in nature ionic bonding and cov ent bonding. 1 show you how to predict the formulas of ionic compounds (salts) and how to name them. 1 explain covalent bonding, how to draw Lewis structural formulas, and how to predict the shapes of simple molecules. 1 tell you about chemical reactions and show you the various general types. In addition, 1 cover chemical equilibrium, kinetics, and electrochemistry — batteries, cells, and electroplating. 

It is important to realize that you cannot predict the formulas of most molecular substances in the same way that you predict the formulas of ionic compounds. That is why we name them using prefixes that explicitiy indicate their composition. Compounds that contain hydrogen and one other element are an important exception, however. These compounds can be treated as if they contained ions. Thus, HCl is hydrogen chloride (diis is die name used for the pure... 

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