Myrtaceae

Allspice AHspice is the dried, nearly ripe berry of the tree Pimenta dioica L., formerly caHed Pimenta officinalis-Uindkj (Myrtaceae),... 

Gloves. The clove spice is the dried unopened buds of the evergreen tree, Eugenia caryophyllus Thumb (Myrtaceae). This tree is also called Sj gium aromaticum L. Other botanical names are used, but some discrepancies exist as to the proper nomenclature. The tree is indigenous to the Molucca Islands. 

Myrtaceae), known locally as kanuka. Fifty-one specimens from New Zealand along with six from Australia (and other species of Kunzea) were included in the study. Oils from Australian and New Zealand specimens were quite similar with a-pinene as the most prominent component in both, along with lower but similar levels of p-cymene and 1,8-cineole. Although two chemotypes can be defined within this taxon, they occur within populations and do not show the geographic patterning seen in manuka. 

Butcher, P. A., Bell, J. C. and Moran, G. E. 1992. Patterns of genetic diversity and nature of the breeding system in Melaleuca altemifolia (Myrtaceae). Australian J. Bot. 40 365-375. 

Penfold, A. R., Morrison, F. R. and McKern, H. H. G. 1948a. studies in the Myrtaceae and their essential oils. Part I The seasonal variation in yield and cineole content of Melaleuca alterni-folia Cheel. Pages 5-7 in Researches on Essential Oils of the Australian Flora., Vol. I, Part I. Museum of Technology and Apphed Science, Sydney. 

Hawaii a trans-equatorial pathway fox Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) inferred from mDNA (ITS + ETS). J. Biogeog. 28 169-11A. 

Myrtaceae Eugenia uniflora (Brazil cherry) Psidium guajava (guava) ... 

Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. (fruits) (Hexane soluble part) Myrtaceae 91 17.5... 

Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. (Aqueous MeOH part) (leaves) Myrtaceae 85 19.3... 

Native to South America and well acclimatized to the Mediterranean, Feijoa sellowiana Berg (Myrtaceae) is an evergreen bushy shrub. These shrubs produce a spherical berry fruit that is edible and consumed as human food. Interestingly, countries that consume this fruit daily have lower cancer incidence. One important component of this fruit is flavone (Fig. 3). 

The western grey kangaroo (Macropusfuliginosus), the major indigenous herbivore in southwestern Australia, avoids plants of the family Myrtaceae (which include Eucalyptus spp. cloves, and guava), which includes 3500 species on that continent. Essential oils characterize the Myrtaceae many species contain two to nine of these. In one experiment, seven Myrtaceae species were not browsed, while comparable species of other families were. All seven species contained the monoterpene 2,5-dimethyl-3-methylene 1,5-heptadine. The kangaroos also browsed one non-Myrtaceae species (Sollya heterophylla, Pittosporaceae) very little. This species contained the same monoterpene (Jones etal, 2003). 

Shellie R, Mondello L, Dugo G, Marriott P, Enantioselective gas chromatographic analysis of monoterpenes in essential oils of the family Myrtaceae, Flavour Fragr J 19 582-585, 2004. 

Chart 8.1.S Shikimates (skeletons) widespread on land (5max=57, av=43 5//ftnax=0.48, av=0.39). Tannins lignans epigallocathechin gallate (Asian black tea. Camellia sinensis L.) Kuntze, Theaceae, Ang. MI) procyanidins and prodelphinidins (widespread in plants) soluble hydrolyzable tannins gallotannin (myrobalan. East Indian trees, Terminalia spp., oak, Quercus spp., Lithocarpus spp., and sumac, Rhus spp.) ellagitannin (Myrtaceae). 

A number of new listings concern the families of Scrophulariaceae and Solanaceae. In both cases the number of reports concerning external accumulation is also increased. Thus, further research will probably reveal that this phenomenon is more widespread in these families as is obvious from the present data. In Fabaceae, most reports concern accumulation in heartwood, with a few exceptions such as leaves of Millettia racemosa. However, no indication to possible external accumulation is made. Similar to flavone accumulation data, pollen of Myrtaceae were also found to accumulate flavonols. Very few reports exist on Gynmosperms such as Cryptomeria (Taxodiaceae) or Ephedra,without indication of external accumulation. So far, no new reports on flavones are known for these taxa. 

Direct methylation through C-bonds appears to be common in the positions 6 and 8 of the flavonoid molecule. Other positions are rarely C-methylated (C7, saltillin C3, a glycoside only compound 23, Table 12.3). Most reports concentrate on species from the family Myrtaceae, where C-methylflavones also occur externally. Desmos cochinchinensis (Annonaceae) was... 

---