Myocardial infarction and angina

Chuan Xiong and Hong Hua are pungent and warm, and enter the Heart meridian. They are often chosen to promote blood circulation in the chest. They can effectively relieve chest pain and therefore are used to treat myocardial infarction and angina pectoris. 

Dan Shen also enters the Heart meridian, has similar functions to Chuan Xiong and Hong Hua, and it also is used in myocardial infarction and angina pectoris. However, it is cold in nature and is used in a syndrome with heat in the blood and in the Heart. 

Mant D, Villard-Mackintosh L, Vessey MP, Yeates D. Myocardial infarction and angina pectoris in young women. J Epidemiol Community Health 1987 41(3) 215-9. 

Hladovec J, Prerovsky V, Stanek, Fabian J. Circulating endothelial cells in acute myocardial infarction and angina pectoris. Klin Wochenschr 1978 56 1033-1036. 

Manzi S, Meilahn EN, Rairie JE, et al. Age-specific incidence rates of myocardial infarction and angina in women with systemic lupus erythematosus Comparison with the Framingham Study. Am J Epidemiol 1997 145 408-415. 

Gazes, P. C., Richardson, J. A. and Woods, E. F., Plasma catecholamine concentration in myocardial infarction and angina pectoris. Circulation 19, 637 (1959). 

O Ischemic heart disease results from an imbalance between myocardial oxygen demand and oxygen supply that is most often due to coronary atherosclerosis. Common clinical manifestations of ischemic heart disease include chronic stable angina and the acute coronary syndromes of unstable angina, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. 

In March of 2007, the FDA announced that tegaserod maleate would be voluntarily withdrawn from the market because of information indicating an increased risk of serious cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and stroke). 

Acute coronary syndromes Ischemic chest discomfort at rest, most often accompanied by ST-segment elevation, ST-segment depression, or T-wave inversion on the 12-lead electrocardiogram. Furthermore, it is caused by plaque rupture and partial or complete occlusion of the coronary artery by thrombus. Acute coronary syndromes include myocardial infarction and unstable angina. Former terms used to describe types of acute coronary syndromes include Q-wave myocardial infarction, non-Q-wave myocardial infarction, and unstable angina. 

A specific immunoassay for measuring two-chain factor VIIa levels in plasma has been developed to identify activation of factor VII in patients with acute coronary syndromes suchs as myocardial infarction and unstable angina (12). Because regulation of factor VIIa is believed to be mediated by tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), its measurement is also useful in assessing thombotic and cardio-vasular disorders. Because TFPI is released by heparin, its measurement is also useful in assessing the efficacy of heparin and endothelial cell function (93). 

Lepirudin - recombinant, modified hirudin Myocardial infarcts, unstable angina and cardiovascular events... 

Toxicology. NG is a vasodilator and has been associated with acute episodes of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and sudden death. 

Introduction of )3-adrenoblockers into medicine was one of the main advancements of pharmacology of the cardiovascular system. Initially these drags were used only in treating essential hypertension. Currently, they are used in treating angina, arrhythmia, migraines, myocardial infarctions, and glaucoma. 

Contraindications Uncontrolled adrenal cortical insufficiency, untreatedthyrotoxico-sis, treatment of obesity, uncontrolled angina, uncontrolled hypertension, uncontrolled myocardial infarction, and hypersensitivity to any component of the formulations... 

G. Other applications Lepirudin is also under study for the treatment of myocardial infarction and unstable angina and other thromboembolic disorders requiring parenteral antithrombotic therapy such as disseminated intravascular coagulation, in adults. 

Aspirin decreases the incidence of transient ischemic attacks, unstable angina, coronary artery thrombosis with myocardial infarction, and thrombosis after coronary artery bypass grafting (see Chapter 34). 

Obesity has repeatedly been shown to play a role, and its relevance to particular types of complication has been demonstrated. The Oxford Family Planning Association s 1987 data showed that the risk of myocardial infarction or angina increased significantly with weight (54). 

Activation of platelets is considered an essential process for arterial thrombosis. Thus, treatment with platelet-inhibiting drugs such as aspirin and ticlopidine or clopidogrel is indicated in patients with transient ischemic attacks and strokes or unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction. In angina and infarction, these drugs are often used in conjunction with -blockers, calcium channel blockers, and fibrinolytic drugs. 

Mutin M, Canavy I, Blann A, Bory J, Sampol J, Dignat-George F. Direct evidence of endothelial injury in acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina by demonstration of circulating endothelial cells. Blood 1999 93 2951-2958. 

Patients with acute coronary syndromes such as acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina remain at risk for recurrent myocardial ischemia despite therapy with antiplatelet agents and heparin. Although first clinical trials indicate a possible use of oral direct TIs for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients after acute myocardial infarction, the presently available data are still limited and it has not... 

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