Murraya koenigii

Fig. 1 Blooming plant of Murraya koenigii (curry-leaf tree). (Courtesy of Calvin Lemke, Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma)...

The dimeric carbazole alkaloids often occur along with the corresponding monomeric carbazoles in terrestrial plants [7,62] (Scheme 7). Clausenamine-A was obtained by Wu from the stem bark of Clausena excavata [63]. Clausen-amine-A and its synthetic analogs, like bis(O-demethylmurrayafoline-A), show cytotoxic activities against diverse human cancer cell lines [64] and exhibit moderate antimalarial activity [65,66]. Furukawa isolated l,r-bis(2-hy-droxy-3-methylcarbazole) and bismurrayaquinone-A, the first dimeric car-bazolequinone alkaloid found in nature, from Murraya koenigii [67]. 

Dineshkumar et al. investigated the antidiabetic efficacy of mahan-imbine (33), a carbazole alkaloid isolated from Murraya koenigii... 

Dineshkumar B, Mitra A, Mahadevappa M. (2010) Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of mahanimbine (carbazole alkaloid) from Murraya koenigii (rutaceae) leaves. Int J Phytomed 2 22-30. 

Furukawa et al. reported the total synthesis of murrayaquinone A (107) by a palladium(II)-mediated oxidative cyclization of the corresponding 2-arylamino-5-methyl-l,4-benzoquinones. 2-Anilino-5-methyl-l,4-benzoquinone (842) was prepared starting from 2-methyl-l,4-benzoquinone 841 and aniline 839, along with the regio-isomeric 2-anilino-6-methyl-l,4-benzoquinone (844). The oxidative cyclization of 2-anilino-5-methyl-l,4-benzoquinone (842) with stoichiometric amounts of palla-dium(ll) acetate provided murrayaquinone A (107) in 64% yield. This method was also applied to the synthesis of 7-methoxy-3-methylcarbazole-l,4-quinone (113) starting from 3-methoxyaniline (840) (623). Seven years later, Chowdhury et al. reported the isolation of 7-methoxy-3-methylcarbazole-l,4-quinone (113) from the stem bark of Murraya koenigii and named it koeniginequinone A (113) (49) (Scheme 5.101). 

Recently, Tripathi et al. reported a new pyrano[3,2-a]carbazole alkaloid, 7-isovaleryl-oxy-8-methoxygirinimbine (1569) from the leaves of Murraya koenigii (896) (Scheme 6.2). 

Rahman, M. M. and Gray, A. I. 2005. A benzoisofuranone derivative and carbazole alkaloids from Murraya koenigii and their antimicrobial activity. Phytochemistry, 66 1601-1606. 

Biologically active carbazole alkaloids from Murraya koenigii. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 47 444 47. 

Indian curry leaf Murraya koenigii Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. 

N.A. Murraya koenigii (L.) K. Spreng. Glycoside (koenigin), volatile oil, tannins." Increase digestive secretions, relieve nausea, indigestion, and vomiting. Treat diarrhea and dysentery. 

Aesculus hippocastanum, Loranthus europaeus Impatiens balsamina Murraya koenigii... 

Shee, C. and Sharma, A.K. 2007. Purification and characterization of a trypsin inhibitor from seeds of Murraya koenigii. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 22 115-120. 

Beena, A.K., Annie, A., and Leelamma, S. 1995. Haemtological and histological studies after curry leaf [Murraya koenigii ] and mustered [Brassicajuncea ] feedings in rats. Indian J. Med. Res. 102, 184-186. 

Curry leaf Murraya koenigii Spreng Leaf India, Burma... 

Curry leaf (Murraya koenigii Spreng.) Murrayacine, koenigine, a-pinene, /3-phellandrene ... 

Onayade, O.A. and Adebajo, A.C. (2000) Composition of the leaf volatile oil of Murraya koenigii growing in Nigeria. Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants 7(4), 59-66. 

Ray, D.P. and Srivastava, S. (2006) Curry leaf (Murraya koenigii) the aromatic biopesticide. Journal of Interacademicia 10, 231-235. 

Table 23.1. Volatile constituents in young and old leaves of Murraya koenigii.

Table 23.2. Volatile components of seeds, fruit pulp, raw fruits and leaves of Murraya koenigii.

Table 23.3. Composition of leaf essential oil of Murraya koenigii grown in Nigeria. ...

Adebajo, A.C. and Reisch, J. (2000) Minor furocoumarins of Murraya koenigii. Fitoterapia 71, 334-337. 

Adesina, S.K., Olatunji, O.A., Bergenthal, D. and Reisch, J. (1 988) New biogenetically significant constituents of Clausena anisata and Murraya koenigii. Pharmazie 43, 221-222. 

Anwer, F., Masaldan, A.S., Kapil, R.S. and Popli, S.P. (1973) Synthesis of murraycine oxidation with DDQ (2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicynobenzoquinone) of the activated aromatic methyl group of the alkaloids of Murraya koenigii. Indian Journal of Chemistry 11, 1314-1315. 

Bhattacharya, L., Roy, S.K. and Chakraborty, D.P. (1982) Structure of the carbazole alkaloid isomurrayazoline from Murraya koenigii [stem bark]. Phytochemistry 21, 2432-2433. 

Bhattacharya, L., Mukhopadhyay, M. and Chakraborty, D.P. (1989) 3(1, r-Dimethyl allyl) xanthylentin and scopoletin, two plant growth inhibitors from Murraya koenigii Spreng. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 16, 23-26. 

Bhattacharyya, P. and Chakraborty, A. (1984) Mukonal, a probable biogenetic intermediate of pyranocarba-zole alkaloids from [stem bark of] Murraya koenigii. Phytochemistry 23, 471 472. 

Bhattacharyya, P., Jash, S.S. and Chowdhury, B.K. (1 986) A biogenetically important carbazole alkaloid from Murraya koenigii Spreng. Chemistry and Industry 7, 246. 

Chakraborty, D.P., Barman, B.K. and Bose, P.K. (1 964) Structure of girinimbine, a pyranocarbazole derivative isolated from Murraya koenigii Spreng. Scientific Culture 30, 445. 

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