Murray Valley encephalitis virus

Flaviviruses are included among the enveloped viruses recently reported as dependent on cell surface HS to efficiently initiate cell infection. An involvement of HS during attachment and entry through its binding to the virion envelope glycoprotein E was initially demonstrated for DENV [82] and then extended to YFV [83], tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) [84], and Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV) [85], as well as to hepatitis C virus (HCV), a member of the Hepacivirus genus of Flaviviridae [86]. 

A JEV like virus, Murray Valley Encephalitis Virus (MVE), has been responsible for several sporadic epidemics of encephalitis in southern Australia (Burke and Monath, 2001, Doherty, 1977). Like SLE and JEV, MVE appears to be spread by mosquito vectors. Isolation of MEV from brain tissue or serologic tests is used for diagnosis. There is no specific treatment or vaccine that has been designed for MEV. As vdth JEV or SLE, treatment is supportive. 

Westaway, E. G., 1975, The proteins of Murray Valley encephalitis virus, J. Gen. Virol. 27 283. 

There is debate surrounding the impact of malaria parasites on the indigenous communities of Northern Australia before European settlement, but there is evidence that it was present and may have had some impact.Although it has only been relatively recent that Australia s endemic mos-quito-bome pathogens such as Ross River virus, Barmah Forest virus, and Murray Valley encephalitis virus have been documented, it is tantalizing to think that botanical medicines documented for use against rheumatism and fever may have been used to treat symptoms we now know are associated with the human illness caused by these pathogens. ... 

Murray Valley Encephalitis Mycoplasma agalactiae Mycoplasma mycoides Nairobi Sheep Disease Newcastle Disease Omsk Hemorrhagic Fever Oropouche Virus Disease Peste Des Petits Ruminants Plague... 

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis Other forms of encephalitis (e.g., California, Eastern Equine, St Louis, West Nile, Murray Valley), malaria, dengue fever, meningitis, tuberculosis, typhoid fever, enteroviruses, herpes simplex, and Nipah virus. 

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