Micro-optics

The principle of optical triangulation has been known since the time of the early Greeks, and indeed optical triangulation has been used for hundreds of years in applications such as surveying, camera auto-focus and even smart-bombs. With the advent of low-cost, compact electro-optic components such as lateral-effect photodetectors, diode lasers and micro-optics, laser-based triangulation sensors can now be employed for applications that were, heretofore, considered uninspectable. 

Polymers have come a long way from parkesine, celluloid and bakelite they have become functional as well as structural materials. Indeed, they have become both at the same time one novel use for polymers depends upon precision micro-embossing of polymers, with precise pressure and temperature control, for replicating electronic chips containing microchannels for capillary electrophoresis and for microfluidics devices or micro-optical components. 

Keywords Micro-optics, MOEMS, multi-object spectroscopy, adaptive optics, astronomi-... 

The Laboratoire d Astrophysique de Marseille is developing since several years an expertise in the design and characterization of micro-optical components, as well as in their integration in astronomical instruments. 

A strong collaboration between micro-optics and astronomy will certainly lead to reach the best scientific return for the lowest cost in next generation astronomical instrumentation for ground-based and space telescopes. 

Passive Micro-Optical Alignment Methods, edited by Robert A. Boudreau and Sharon M. Boudreau... 

MICRO-OPTICAL RESONATORS FOR MICROLASERS AND INTEGRATED OPTOELECTRONICS... 

MICRO-OPTICAL COUPLING OF FIBRE AND PHOTONIC CRYSTAL WAVEGUIDE... 

Some of the technological areas in which means and methods of electrochemical deposition constitute an essential component are all aspects of electronics—macro and micro, optics, optoelectronics, and sensors of most types, to name only a few. In addition, a number of key industries, such as the automobile industry, adopt the methods even when other methods, such as evaporation, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and the like, are an option. That is so for reasons of economy and/or convenience. 

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