MPa at room temperature

These results relate to a few grades only and cannot be generalized. 

The dynamic fatigue can be good for certain grades if care is taken to limit the strains by restricting the stresses to values in keeping with the modulus. 

These results are examples only and they cannot be generalized. 

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The reactor was a 1 liter stainless steel rotating autoclave. In these experiments the ratio of anthracene oil to coal was 3 1. Coal (50 g) impregnated with catalyst (1% Sn as SnC ) was mixed with sand (200 g). The autoclave was pressurized with hydrogen to 10 MPa at room temperature and heated (ca 7°C/minute) to the final reaction temperature (450°C). The pressure at reaction temperature was approximately 25 MPa. 

To illustrate the differences in creep behaviour between the main polyolefins, after 1000 h under 8 MPa at room temperature, the elongations are, for example ... 

Figure 4.35(b) displays examples of creep under relatively high stresses (7 to 14 MPa) at room temperature for impact-modified rigid PVC or PVC-HL Times are much longer than for the previous graph (20 000 h versus 400). Compared to Figure 4.35(a), the plasticization decreases the creep moduli. However, they are always higher than those of polyethylene or polypropylene (less than 1 GPa) for a same creep time. 

Figure 4.71 (a) PBT examples of creep modulus (GPa) versus time (h) under 10 MPa at room temperature (b) 30% GF PBT examples of creep modulus (GPa) after lOOOh under 3.5 orlOMPa versus temperature (°C)... 

Figure 4.99(a) shows the creep modulus decrease when the load increases from 10MPa up to 50 MPa at room temperature. 

In another recent development Kojima et al. [103] mechanically milled LiH and Al without and with the TiClj additive for 24 h in a H gas atmosphere at a pressure of 1 MPa at room temperature. They found that a sm l amount of LiAlH could be directly synthesized by the mechanochemical reaction with concomitant formation of LijAlHg. The latter can be relatively easily formed by mechanochemical synthesis of LiAlH and LiH as originally reported by Zaluski et al. [71] and later by Balema et al. [104],... 

Nakanishi et al. [70] pressed two quartz chips at a load of 1.3 MPa at room temperature for 24 h to produce enclosed channels. Satoh [156] used a low temperature and low external load technique for silicon-silicon bonding using water glass. Weinert et al. [157] used oxygen and argon plasma for... 

Shaw and Stapp studied the selectivity of various transition metal catalysts in the hydrogenation of methyl-substituted quinolines in hexadecane mostly at 100-160°C and an initial hydrogen pressure of 5.17 MPa (at room temperature).15 As seen from the results shown in Table 12.4, with 2-methylquinoline the selectivity to 1,2,3,4-... 

Papageorgiou et al. reported the first example of an RTIL-based dye-sensitized solar cell system (Gratzel ceU). They found that l-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide, denoted as HMI-I, melts at room temperature [8]. However, the viscosity of HMI-I is very high, at over 1000 mPas at room temperature. Therefore the /sc of DSSC when HMI-I is used (0.75 mA cm at the irradiation of 120,000 Lux [= 1 sun]) is much lower than that when an organic solvent is used (over 15 mA cm at 1 sun). This indicates that the slow diffusion of the iodide/triiodide redox... 

These results indicate that the solvent removal process in poly(amic acid) film formation is dependent on the residual stress level. Solvent evaporation creates volume changes which in turn generate shrinkage stresses ( 8 MPa at room temperature). This will continue until there is a balance between the internal stress and the driving forces for solvent removal. Further solvent may be removed if this balance is altered by a change in stress or temperature. 

The peak traction can now be obtained from the condition that at this site the PB domains will cavitate under the action of the negative pressures induced by the three principal stresses a , CT99, a , and the added negative pressure ct h. due to the thermal mismatch by reaching the cavitational strength of PB that we have estimated earlier to be 60 MPa at room temperature. Thus,... 

The common belief that a crystalline solid is always harder than an amorphous one, regardless of the chemical composition, seems to be misleading. This has been demonstrated on gelatin films (Fakirov et al, 1999). This commodity polymer, known as a very soft product in the gel state, turns out to have a very high hardness value even at elevated temperatures (150-200 °C) provided it is measured in the dry state. Its microhardness of 380-400 MPa (at room temperature with 10-15% water content, H is around 200 MPa) surpasses that of all commonly used commercial synthetic polymers and some soft metals and alloys, as can be concluded from Fig. 1.2. 

Use the following table to decide which solvents will dissolve poly (dimethyl siloxane) (i5pdms = 14.9 (MPa) ) and which will dissolve polystyrene ((5ps = 18.7 (MPa) ) at room temperature. 

At high pressure (9 MPa at room temperature) and low temperature (90 K) the oxygen inclusion structure is obtained [17, 18]. Oxygen molecules are coherently aligned in a linear fashion and the chain structure is most likely regulated by the channel structure. Since the observed temperature is higher than the melting point... 

Despite the fact that the reinforcing Ti5Si3 fibers are not continuously aligned within the a-titanium matrix the rule of mixture can be applied because the aspect ratio 11 /dF = 50 is fairly high and sufficient enough to transfer the load from the solid solution strengthened matrix to the fibers [25]. Assuming that the solid solution a-Ti(Si) matrix has a flow stress of about om = Em = 300 MPa at room temperature, the effective flow stress of the... 

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