Mountain ridges

Data for one full year (1964) for Nashville, Tennessee, and Knoxville, Tennessee, 265 km (165 mi) apart, were compared to determine the extent to which the frequencies of various parameters were similar. Knoxville is located in an area with mountainous ridges oriented southwest-northeast Nashville is situated in a comparahvely flat area. The data available are the number of hours during which each of 36 wind directions (every 10° azimuth) occurred, the average wind speed for each direction, the number of hours of each Pasquill stability class for each direchon, and the mean annual wind speed. 

Figure 5. Shows effect of nearby mountain ridges on pollutant transport.

The Arsenal is located in the central portion of northern New Jersey, near the town of Dover. This places it at the outer rim of the New York metropolitan area. It occupies a ten mile long valley, lying between mountain ridges which serve as natural barricades. The valley also has a natural water supply which, even today, is adequate. These are the three attributes for which the site was selected nearness to the world of commerce means of protection of the surrounding area from the hazards inherent in its work and the availability of the one extremely vital natural resource — water... 

The intermediary is often forced to present complex material in a simple manner, i.e., to carry out a didactic reduction . Such processes naturally cause problems, resembling a walk on a jagged mountain ridge. On the one side is the abyss of an inordinate simplification of the scientific conclusions (and the resulting condemnation by the experts), on the other that of the complexity of scientific thought, which is only really understood by the specialist. 

South America has two major areas, separated by the Andes Mountain ridges, where arid and semi-arid zones dominate. In the barren, coastal Atacama desert of Peru and northern Chile, precipitation is extremely limited and comes as winter mists or drizzles. In the rain shadow east of the Andes in Argentina, arid zones are widespread. South America apparently has only a slightly greater proportion of dry zones than North America. 

Found in eastern Asian and American forests on mountain ridges. Plagiogyria falcata, P. formosana. 

The continental slope of the Black Sea basin is located below the outer edge of the shelf. It has a complicated heterogeneous structure caused by the particular features of the tectonics of the adjacent plains and mountain ridges -the Crimean, Caucasian, Stara Planina, and West and East Pontian ridges. The depth of the edge of the continental slope ranges from 100 to 200 m. Its lower boundary is marked by a topographic bend at sea depths of 1100-1500 m. 

The results show that, as one moves away from the double closed-shell nucleus 298114, the calculated spontaneous fission half-hves in Fig. 4a decrease from lO s y for nuclei on the inner contour to lO" y (about 5 min) for nuclei on the outer contour. With respect to spontaneous fission, the island of superheavy nuclei is a mountain ridge running north and south, with the descent being most gentle in the northwest direction. The calculated a-decay half-hves in Fig. 4 b, however. 

Karar, V.P.and Sakovich, B.B., 1989. Application of the CHIM method for prospecting placer gold deposits at the Enisey mountain-ridge. Application of Geoelectrochemical methods for Prospecting and Exploration of Ore Deposits. NPO Rudgeofizika, Leningrad, pp. 189-112 (in Russian). 

Saito [170] simulated a fire whirl formed during a forest fire burning over a mountain ridge top that injured several Japanese fire fighters. Soma and Saito [586] recreated fire tornadoes that occurred during the Kanto earthquake in Tokyo (1923), the Hamburg firestorms during WWII (1943), and oil-tanker fires in Hokkaido bay, Japan (1965). 

Many objects in nature exhibit self-similarity, that is, they look more or less the same regardless of the degree of magnification (at least within some limits). Examples include coastlines, mountain ridges, snowflakes, leaves, branched polymers, etc. As pointed out by Mandelbrot, such self-similar objects may generally be described as... 

Wyoming, and Montana, and mountain ridges in the Appalachian and western mountain ranges. 

In 1996 we collected in Central Mexico about 30 isolates of C. gigantea (Fuentes et al., 1964) from five locations in the region of Toluca (Zea mays) and from a location near Amecameca (Z. mays and Z. mexicana) (Pazoutova and Fucikovsky, unpublished). Sclerotia of C. gigantea remain in the field, and those harvested with com are easily discarded due to their size so that no transfer with seeds occurs. As the sphacelia is completely wrapped in husks, no honeydew with conidia is available for insects to spread. Therefore differences between populations isolated in the small valleys were expected. However, although the locations were isolated from each other by mountain ridges, neither RAPD with... 

The focal areas of this book have relatively minor relationships to the primary formation of the Earth s crust which has caused a certain distribution of the chemical elements. They mainly deal with products of the alteration of the crust in geologic processes. We can presently still observe the weathering of solid rocks, the erosion of mountain ridges, and the transport of eroded materials as suspended and dissolved constituents in river and rain water, in ice and wind. In-situ weathering forms soils, and soils are the basis of food production for human nutrition. Therefore, soUs need special protection against the impact of toxic substances (see Part I, Chapters 4 and 5). 

But also within the continents, geographical isolation may have played an important role. In Africa, pairs of sister species are distributed in West and Central Africa (Fig 10.7B, C D) separated by the Dahomey gap in Togo and Benin (see Booth, 1958 Hepper, 1968 Maley, 1996 Dupont et al., 2000 Salzman and Hoelzmann, 2005 Jongkind, 2008), or they occur as endemics in montane areas of central Africa and are separated from each other by mountain ridges and deep valleys (Dhetchuvi, 1996 Fjeldsa and Lovett, 1997 Barthlott et al., 1999). For the neotropics it could be shown that such topographically rich areas are centres of species richness (see Gentry and Dodson, 1987 Kessler, 1995 Ibisch, 1996 Ley et al., 2004). 

The extent of deviation of an actual cross section from a relaxad one is also of importance in obtaining upper and lower bounds on the number of critical points within various regions of the configuration space. As it has been pointed out [38], many of the essential features of potential energy hypersurfaces, for example, valley floors and mountain ridges, are often approximately aligned with the "chemically motivated"... 

He was alive and able to tell the story only because the building where he was working at the time, Katsuyama Primary School, was protected by the mountain ridge that separates the Urakami and Nishiyama Valleys. 

Bannon P R, Zehnder J A. Baroclinic flow over a mountain ridge [J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 1989, 46 703-714. 

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