Monographs standard format

Use the standard form for reports of original research whether the report is published in a journal or proceedings volume. Even if the information is more suited to one of the shorter types of presentations, the logic of the standard format applies, although some headings or sections may be omitted or other sections and subsections added. Manuscripts for monographs, handbooks,... 

An expert in the radlochemlstry of the particular element has written the monograph, following a standard format developed by the Subcommittee. The Atomic Energy Commission has sponsored the printing of the series. 

Various pharmacopoeias, e.g., United States/National Formulary British, European, Japanese, Pharmacopoeias Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia The Merck Index The British Pharmaceutical Codex Include standards and monographs for drugs, excipients, containers/closures and medical devices Updated regularly many available in book format or CD-ROM can be obtained through various publishers including Interpharm... 

Free enthalpy of the formation of 1 mole of any substance imder standard conditions from atoms and up to the standard state is called standard free enthalpy (Gibbs energy) of formation. This potential is determined by way of subtle physicochemical experiments and measurements. Its values are continuously fine-tuned and published in articles, monographs and reference publications. In composite Tables the standard potential is usually provided for temperature of 298.15 K (25 °C) and denoted as AZp29s or AGp 298> its value, as a rule, is negative and has the dimension kcal mole or J mole Standard potential serves a measure of potential energy of inter-atomic or inter-molecular bonds in individual chemical compounds. Knowing its values, it is possible to determine free enthalpy of substances under any nonstandard conditions. 

W. M. Pitts, The Global Equivalence Ratio Concept and the Prediction of Carbon Monoxide Formation in Enclosure Fires , Monograph 179, (National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburgh, MD, 1994). 

Buffers are often added to samples and standards in order to eliminate the effect of different concentrations of interfering ions. Perhaps the best known example of this is in the determination of calcium when phosphate is present. Under these conditions the intensities of the calcium lines and bands are reduced, probably due to the formation of compounds which are excited to a less extent than calcium alone. When the molecular ratio of calcium to phosphate is approximately 1 1 the depression reaches a limit and the addition of more phosphate has no further effect. It is convenient therefore to add an excess of phosphate to samples and standards alike so that the effect of that ion in the sample is effectively swamped. Other examples of the use of buffers are given in the monograph on calcium (see p. 146). 

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