Monoglycerides, distilled

Lecithin fluid, Myverol mono/diglycerides, monoglycerides distilled from sunflower. 

Anon., Eastman Chromapram System Analytical Procedure. Separation of Monoglycerides, Distillation Products Industries, Rochester, N.Y. 

Chem. Descrip. Hydrogenated lard monoglyceride, distilled... 

Examples of Emulsifiers. Distilled Monoglycerides E 471 -These are a high purity monoglycerides prepared by molecular distillation. 

The mixture to be separated is fed, together with the entrainer, to the middle of the first column. Flere, the solvent, carbon dioxide and acetone, is supercritical to provide high solubility of the monoglycerides. The supercritical phase leaves the top of column I and goes to the lower part of column II. In column II, the binary solvent entrainer is subcritical and in the bottom of this column, the monoglyceride leaves, together with the entrainer. Part of it is returned as reflux to column I, whereas the rest goes to distillation for the separation of acetone. With a bottom temperature of... 

Aquatic aqueous enteric coating (cellulose acetate phthalate, distilled acetylated monoglycerides, and poloxamer 188) Film coating for tablets and capsules Repeat-dose toxicity with routine end points (90 days—diet rat), reproduction toxicity (embryo-fetal study in rat) and genotoxicity (2 in vitro and 1 in vivo studies) No adverse toxicity, reprotoxicity, or genotoxicity 31, 32... 

The valorisation of these side streams is illustrated by the conversion of the deodoriser distillate into biodiesel. Deodoriser distillate is dissolved in methanol in a weight ratio 1/1 and 5% (w/w) sulfuric acid is added and heated at 75 °C for 5 hours with stirring. Under these circumstances the FFA are esteri-fied and the remaining monoglycerides are mostly undergoing a transesterili-cation giving FAME. 

Standard mono- and diglyceride products contain 40-50 percent monoglycerides, whose content can be raised to 53 percent without distillation. Distilled monoglycerides contain a minimum of 90 percent a-mono-glycerides.44... 

One property that often affects the performance of emulsifiers is purity. A very pure emulsifier performs very differently to the same major ingredient present at a lower purity. This is particularly apparent with monoglycerides where these are available as distilled monoglycerides, produced by molecular distillation, or in grades of lesser purity. 

These are high purity monoglycerides prepared by molecular distillation. 

Emulsifiers are added to toffees to help disperse the fat (see also Chapter 4), although it is perfectly possible to make toffees that do not contain added emulsifiers if sufficient skim milk solids are present. The emulsifying effect of a considerable quantity of skim milk solids can be replaced by a very small quantity of an emulsifier, e.g. lecithin or distilled monoglycerides, and the price of skim milk in the EU makes this an attractive proposition. Curiously, fat that is too well dispersed can cause problems. If some fat coats the surface of the piece then the toffee will cut easily as the fat lubricates the cutting knife if there is no surface fat then the toffee can stick to the knife. One solution to this is to have a cutting knife coated with PTFE. The PTFE has a very low energy surface that the toffee will not stick to. 

Lecithin/distilled monoglyceride blend for bakery applications. 

Figure 14. Phase diagrams of monoglycerides in water, (a) Refers to a distilled monoglyceride made with hydrogenated lard (b) shows distilled monoglyceride made from sunflower oil (16).

The most common method of manufacture involves the hydrolysis of natural vegetable oils such as coconut or palm kernel oil, followed by fractional distillation of the free fatty acids produced. The Cg to Cig fractions are then hydrogenated and reesterified under controlled conditions with glycerin to form a mixture of tri-, di-, and monoglycerides of the required characteristics and hydroxyl value. This process is used for Witepsol. 

AdvitageL [Quest Int l.] Blends of distilled monoglyceride and alpha-tending emulsifiers for aeration of sponge cakes. 

---