Monoclonal antibodies biological effects

Antibody array Polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies are arrayed and used to detect and quantify specific proteins in a biological sample. An antibody array is effectively a parallel series of miniature immunoassays... 

One such product (tradename Beromun) has been approved for general medical use (Box 9.2). Most clinical interest in TNF, however, now centres around neutralizing its biological effects in situations where overexpression of TNF induces negative clinical effects. TNF has been firmly implicated in mediating many of the adverse effects associated with dozens of diseases (Table 9.7). Administration of anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies or soluble forms of the TNF receptor should help reduce the severity of many of the symptoms of these diseases. 

Roy, M. L., Pikal, M. J., Rickard, R. C., Maloney, A. M. The effects of formulation and moisture on the stability of freeze-dried monoclonal antibody - vinca conjugate A test of the WLF glass transition theory. Developments in Biological Standardization Vol. 74, p. 323— 340. Acting Editors Joan C. May - F. Brown. S. Karger AG, CH-4009 Basel (Switzerland), 1992... 

Prewett M, Rockwell P, Rockwell RF, et al. The biologic effects of C225, a chimeric monoclonal antibody to the EGFR, on human prostate carcinoma. J Immunother Emphasis Tumor Immunol 1996 19 419-427. 

A variety of medical conditions are now believed to be caused or exacerbated by overproduction of certain cytokines in the body. A variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and IL-8 as well as TNF, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of both septic shock and rheumatoid arthritis. Inhibiting the biological activity of such cytokines may provide effective therapies for such conditions. This may be achieved by administration of monoclonal antibodies raised against the target cytokine, or administration of soluble forms of its receptor which will compete with cell surface receptors for cytokine binding. 

In addition, monoclonal antibodies have been produced using the ELP fusion and inversion transition cycling technique described before by Floss et al. (2008). MAh directed against HIV-1 and coupled to ELP exhibited enhanced stability and simplified recovery, while at the same time displaying no deleterious effects on biological activity, assembly, and folding of the monoclonal antibody. 

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