Molecular recognition, supramolecular electrostatic assembly

Studies on molecular recognition by artificial receptors are thus one of the most important approaches to such characterization in relation to supramolecular chemistry [4]. Functional simulation of intracellular receptors in aqueous media has been actively carried out with attention to various noncovalent host-guest interactions, such as hydrophobic, electrostatic, hydrogen-bonding, charge-transfer, and van der Waals modes [5-10]. On the other hand, molecular recognition by artificial cell-surface receptors embedded in supramolecular assemblies has been scarcely studied up to the present time, except for channel-linked receptors [11-13]. 

Orientation of nonlinear optical active dyes in electrostatically self-assembled polymer films containing cyclodex-trins was studied. "The concept of molecular recognition of organic chromophores by coordinating polymers was another novel approach in the construction of nonlinear optical supramolecular assemblies. 

Heterocycles are widely employed as useful building blocks in the construction of molecular recognition and supramolecular assembly systems [1]. These provide hydrogen bondings, electrostatics, metal coordination bonds, 7t-7t interactions, and other attractive weak forces with various species both in the solution and the solid states. Since several famihes of heterocycles further exhibit electrochemical activities, photochemical reactivities, optical characteristics, and other functions, current heterocyclic chemistry offers a robust basis for sophisticated molecular architectures toward molecular recognition and supramolecular assembly. 

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