Molecular cross-talk

Chapters 7 and 9 discuss specific exchange of molecular signals (the so-called molecular cross talk ) between beneficial microorganisms, such as rhizo-bia and mycorrhizas, and their host plants. Molecular cross talk seems to be a prerequisite mechanism for most of the plant infection by soil microorganisms (14). Only for a few microbial infections, however, the sequence and type of molecular signals involved have been characterized. Thus, there is the need for further studies to elucidate the unknown molecular cross talk between the most common rhizobacteria and fungi and the plant roots it is also needed to better understand how molecular cross talk responds to the changing environmental conditions. The potential applications of these studies are important because the... 

As already mentioned, molecular cross talk seems to be the prerequisite mechanism for most of root microbial infections. Indeed the initial step of any root colonization involves the movement of microbes to the plant root surface bacterial movement can be passive, via soil water flux, or active, via specific induction of flagellar activity by plant released compounds (chemotaxis) (Chaps. 4 and 7). Other important steps are adsorption and anchoring to the root surface. 

The most studied molecular cross talk is that between rhizobia and the... 

For the Spectra film, the blue-light sensitive sandwich has been radically altered by the utilization of thiazolidmc dye release. This required the creation of new molecules and a new dye-release mechanism involving only a minute quantity of silver. By utilizing this hybrid imaging system, chemical interaction and molecular cross talk between the red-, green-, and blue-sensitive sandwiches have been reduced, which results in greater color definition. 

Rhizobia-legume symbiosis involves a molecular cross-talk between the plant and the microbe recently, it has been shown that a similar signaling process might be involved in establishing a symbiosis with endomycorrhizal fungi (Perry et al., 2007). 

Maggio, R., Vogel, Z., Wess, J., 1993b. Coexpression studies with mutant muscarinic/adrenergic receptors provide evidence for inter-molecular cross-talk between G-protein linked receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 3103-3107. 

A. Greer, Organic chemistry molecular cross-talk, Nature, 2007, 447, 273. 

H.J. Im, etal, Basic fibroblast growth factor stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-13 via the molecular cross-talk between the mitogen-activated protein kinases and protein kinase c pathways in human adult articular chondrocytes, J. Biol Chem., 282 (15), 11110-11121, 2007b. http //dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M609040200. 

Small GTPases are not isolated molecular switches regulating cellular processes. Signalling cascades within one subfamily as well as cross-talk between... 

One example of such constructive cross talk can be found in the growing literature on quantitative structure-pharmacokinetic relationships (QSPKR). Reports on how to predict pharmacokinetics from molecular information, or how to link pharmacokinetic parameters with molecular features, have appeared in both the pharmacokinetic [61] and the toxicological [62] literature. Others are extending this to pharmacodynamics as well [63], and the approaches look promising. 

There is a definite trend of bidirectional cross-talk between opioid and chemokine receptors in the central nervous system. In vitro, as well as in vivo studies, have shown desensitization of CXCR4 by MOR and thus prevent the neuroprotective action of this chemokine. Although the precise molecular mechanism underlying this cross-talk is still under investigation, based on the evidences in literature several possible pathways can be expected to act independently or in concert and lead to the deficit of CXCR4 function. Our studies have shown that p opioids can increase the brain levels of FHC which can subsequently block CXCR4 signaling. Eurther studies... 

Three phases of receptor-mediated signaling can be identified 178 Four distinct molecular mechanisms that link agonist occupancy of cell-surface receptors to functional responses have been identified 178 Cross-talk can occur between intracellular signaling pathways 179 Signaling molecules can activate gene transcription 181 Nitric oxide acts as an intercellular signaling molecule in the central nervous system 181... 

Fig. 2. A molecular data storage scheme based on an aromatic molecule (naphthalene) bonded to four gold electrodes by sulfur atoms and polyacetylene wires [37). For the surface an insulator has to be chosen to prevent cross-talk between the electrodes. The variables X, Y and Z could either be chemical substituents or, alternatively, connections to further electrodes. Some parts of the molecule, electrodes and variables are drawn in bright colors, which is meant to indicate an active state during a particular read-out. The darker parts are considered to be inactive.

Morimoto, R.I. (1998). Regulation of the heat-shock transcriptional response Cross talk between a family of heat-shock factors, molecular chaper-... 

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