Modifications identification

Hyphenated Method Separation Method Modification Identification Method... 

Cooper, H.J. Tatham, M.H. Jaffray, E. Heath, J.K. Lam, T.T. Marshall, A.G. Hay, R.T. FT-ICR mass spectrometry for the analysis of SUMO modification Identification of lysines in RanBP2 and SUMO targeted for modification during the E3 autoSUMOy-lation reaction. Anal. Chem. 2005, 77, 6310-6319. 

Encinas, S., Miranda, M. A., Marconi, G., and Monti, S., Transient species in the photochemistry of tiaprofenic acid and its decarboxylated photoproduct, Photochem. Photobiol, 68, 633, 1998. Miranda, M. A., CasteU, J. V., Hernandez, D., Gomez-Lechon, M. J., Bosca, E, Morera I. M., and Sarabia, Z., Drug-photosensitized protein modification identification of the reactive sites and elucidation of the reaction mechanism with tiaprofenic acid/albumin as a model, Chem. Res. Toxicol, 11, 172,1998. 

Change in the PSM rule includes all modifications to equipment, procedures, raw materials, and processing conditions other than replacement in kind. These changes are managed by identification and review prior to implementation. For example, any operation outside of the operating procedures parameters requires review and approval by a written management of change. 

Identification or a more cost-beneficial alternative to internally planned modification or activity. 

The product bears the correct identification, part numbers, serial numbers, modification status, etc. 

Modem behavior-modification programs rely on the identification and reinforcement of safe behaviors. Considerable improvements in measures of safety performance have been attributed to the introduction of these approaches (see McSween, 1993, for a petrochemical example). However, other studies have indicated that performance may return to its original level if the programs are withdrawn. It is therefore important to maintain a continuing program to ensure that the initial levels of improvements are maintained. Also, the benefits of behavior modification programs have mainly been demonstrated in the context of work activities where there is a high level of... 

DNA sequencing reveals the order in which amino acids are added to the nascent polypeptide chain as it is synthesized on the ribosomes. However, it provides no information about posttranslational modifications such as proteolytic processing, methylation, glycosylation, phosphorylation, hydroxylation of prohne and lysine, and disulfide bond formation that accompany mamra-tion. While Edman sequencing can detect the presence of most posttranslational events, technical hmitations often prevent identification of a specific modification. 

The Edman reaction enabled amino acid sequence analysis to be automated. Mass spectrometry provides a sensitive and versatile tool for determining primary strucmre and for the identification of post-translational modifications. 

A new chapter on the primary structure of proteins, which provides coverage of both classic and newly emerging proteomic and genomic methods for identifying proteins. A new section on the appHcation of mass spectrometry to the analysis of protein structure has been added, including comments on the identification of covalent modifications. 

Thus, worldwide efforts have focused on the elucidation of the reaction mechanism. For this purpose, knowledge about the following items is vital (1) identification of reaction products and the electrode kinetics of the reactions involved, (2) identification of adsorbed intermediate species and their distribution on the electrode surface, and (3) dependence of the electrode kinetics of the intermediate steps in the overall and parasitic reactions on the structure and composition of the electrocatalyst. It is only after a better knowledge of the reaction mechanisms is obtained that it will be possible to propose modifications of the composition and/or structure of the electrocatalyst in order to significantly increase the rate of the reaction. 

Information about the putative folding of the H,K-ATPase catalytic subunit through the membrane has been obtained by the combined use of hydropathy analysis according to the criteria of Kyte and Doolittle [51], identification of sites sensitive to chemical modification [46,48,50,52-55], and localization of epitopes of monoclonal antibodies [56]. The model of the H,K-ATPase catalytic subunit (Fig. 1) which has emerged from these studies shows ten transmembrane segments and contains cytosolic N- and C-termini [53]. This secondary structure of the catalytic subunit is probably a common feature of the catalytic subunits of P-type ATPases, since evidence supporting a ten a-helical model with cytosolic N- and C-termini has also been published recently for both Ca-ATPase of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and Na,K-ATPase [57-59]. 

Mondello FJ, MP Turcich, JH Lobos, BD Erickson (1997) Identification and modification of biphenyl dioxygenase sequences that determine the specificity of polychlorinated biphenyl degradation. Appl Environ Microbiol 63 3096-3103. 

---