Modelling industrial lubricants

A New Systems Analysis Approach to Modelling Industrial Lubricants... 

Zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates (ZnDTPs) are widely used as extreme pressure and antiwear additives in many different kinds of engine and industrial lubricants. It is known that ZnDTP forms tribological films on rubbing metal surfaces it has been proposed that these films consist of amorphous polyphosphates, but the exact chemical composition of the different polyphosphates in the ZnDTP tribofilm is not known, and a generally accepted reaction mechanism has not emerged to date. Most authors believe that thermal decomposition is the major mechanism of ZnDTP tribofilm formation as a result only tribological experiments conducted at elevated temperatures (60-200 °C) are, typically, reported in the literature. 22 All the evidence obtained so far for substantiating the amorphous polyphosphate model has been based on ex situ experiments. 

Shear stability index is still widely used for assessing the stability of polymer and therefore its estimation is must to ensiue that the polymer or VM is suitable for use in Industrial Lubricants. The above model equation will allow a quick estimation of the shear stabihty index of the VM in any of the API group I to group IV base oils using composition of base oil and molecular weight distribution of the VM. 

To analyze such thermodynamic relations of different molecules, we will take the model system to be a homologous series of normal alkanes and alkenes, as very reliable and accurate data are available in the literature. Linear hydrocarbon chains, n-alkanes, are among the most common blocks of organic matter. They form part of the organic and biological molecules of lipids, surfactants, and liquid crystals and determine their properties to a large extent. As major constituents of oils, fuels, polymers, and lubricants, they also have immense industrial importance. Accordingly, their bulk properties have been extensively studied. 

This investigation has demonstrated that NIR spectroscopy, coupled with fiberoptics and chemometric data analysis, is ideal for real-time prediction of the main component PVC and two additives, an impact-resistant modifier and a lubricant, in industrial PVC melt compounds. The robustness of the calibration model was tested by using data from different days and also during real-time in-line predictions of real world samples. The results were promising for implementation in polymer manufacturing plants. 

Aqueous solutions of oxyethylated alcohols were selected as model lubricating substances. They are produced from vegetable raw materials on an industrial scale and are relatively inexpensive. Alcohol ethoxylates exhibit high surface activity [14-22]. They form micelles and liquid crystal structures in aqueous solutions [16, 23-26]. Aqueous solutions of oxyethylated alcohols can be used as inflanunable, ecological lubricating substances, particularly in the friction pairs that are in direct contact with the environment, people, foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. 

Ville F., Nelias D., Tourlonias G., Flamand L. Sainsot P., "On The Two Disc Machine A Polyvalent and Powerful Tool to Study Fundamental and Industrial Problems Related to Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication ". Tribology series Tribology Research From model experiment to industrial problem A century ol efforts in mechanics, materials science and physico-chemistry , D. Dowson et al. Editeurs. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2001, Vol. 39, pp.393-402... 

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