Mixer figures

With injection mixers (Figures 10.52b,c), in which the one fluid is introduced into the flowing stream of the other through a concentric pipe or an annular array of jets, mixing will take place by entrainment and turbulent diffusion. Such devices should be used where one flow is much lower than the other, and will give a satisfactory blend in about 80 pipe diameters. The inclusion of baffles or other flow restrictions will reduce the mixing length required. 

The Kenics mixer, Figure 10.14(a), for example, consists of a succession of helical elements twisted alternately in opposite directions. In laminar flow for instance, the flow is split in two at each element so that after n elements the number of striations becomes 2". The effect of this geometrical progression is illustrated in Figure 10.14(b) and points out how effective the mixing becomes after only a few elements. The Reynolds number in a corresponding empty pipe is the major discriminant for the size of mixer, one manufacturer s recommendations being... 

Powders are dissolved either directly in the main mix tank or premix tank or indirectly using a vortex-type mixer (Figure 8.1) where powder is dropped into the vortex of a horizontally mounted pump head recirculating the fluid from and to the batch tank. Some specialised versions of this mixer can handle very viscous blending applications (50,000 cP or more). 

This electrohydrodynamic (EHD) mixer (Figure 1.6) device provides a simple flowthrough chamber which has an upper and lower electrode for generating a electromagnetic field. The chamber channel is given by a sandwich of two plates, one being microstructured [94], The bottom plate contains a trapezoid channel. Two electrode layers are deposited on parts of the channel bottom and channel top and on the top part of this plate so that they reach the outside for external electrical contact. 

Internal mixers, such as the Banbury mixer (Figure 11.5), contain two connecting chambers, in which blades rotate in opposite directions with a narrow clearance to the walls, resulting in local high rates of shear. The walls can be cooled or heated. After mixing, the pieces are removed from the chambers, milled into a sheet and cut into ribbons for storage or further processing. 

It is different to reaction injection molding (RIM) where it uses a mechanical mixing rather than a high-pressure impingement mixer (Figures. 11.1 and 11.2). The entire shot is mixed in a chamber before injection into the mold, rather than being continuously mixed and injected, as in the RIM process. LIM is used to mold smaller parts that are below the desired capacity of RIM. LIM also allows higher-viscosity materials to be processed. 

Subnet D including acid extraction tower, distillation column I, distillation column II, distillation column III, and solvent mixer (Figure 2d). 

The mixer (Figure 399b) employs a continuously operating turbine. Powders are metered onto the center of the turbine where they are deagglomerated and accelerated. Liquid is introduced under the turbine disc, atomized to a fine mist in an annular slot, and intimately mixed with the powder in radial chambers rotating as extensions of the disc within a close-fitting cover. 

Yamazaki et al. (1992) calibrated his probe (Figure 4-12) and in a liquid-solid stirred mixer. Figure 4-13 gives the calibration curves for different particles. It shows that particles of different sizes and materials have different sensitivities and linear regions. Saturation may occur because of light scattering by particles of different surfaces and concentrations. 

The principle of internal batch mixing was first introduced in 1916 with the development of the Banbury mixer (Figure 2.74a). A Banbury-type internal mixer essentially consists of a cylindrical chamber or shall within which materials to be mixed are deformed by rotating blades or rotors with protrusions. The mixer is provided with a feed door and hopper at the top and a discharge door at the bottom. As the rubber or mix is worked and sheared between the two rotors and between each rotor and the body of the casing, mastication takes place over the wide area, unlike in a open mill where it is restricted only in the area of the nip between the two rolls. 

Combination of solution circulation and movement of food particles is combined in such equipment as vibrating plate mixer (Figure 32.17) and percolated bed with slow displacement of food (Figure 32.18). In vibrated plate mixer [133],... 

Conical Dryer with Screw Mixer The conical dryer with screw mixer is similar in principle to the double-cone dryer-blender although the vessel is stationary and solids are mixed by epicyclic screw mixer (Figure 33.13). For pressures from 25 to 150 mbar and wall temperatures from 40°C to 60°C, Simon [6] reports evaporation rates of water up to 10 kg/h m. Units up to 5 m are commercially available. The dryer has no dead spaces and is easy to clean. 

For the benzene-toluene mixer, Figure 4.8b shows the HYSYS.Plant simulation flowsheet in which the Adjust operation manipulates the flow rate of stream S2 to achieve the desired temperature. ... 

---