Mitochondrial transmembrane

Inayat-Hussain SH, Annuar BO, Din LB, Ali AM, Ross D. Loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and caspase-9 activation during apoptosis induced by the novel styryl-lactone goniothalamin in HL-60 leukemia cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2003 17 433-439. 

The involvement of mitochondria in the pro-apoptotic effects of carotenoids has been clearly demonstrated by the fact that P-carotene induces the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and alters the mitochondrial membrane potential (Aym) in different tumor cells (Palozza et al., 2003a). Moreover, the highly polar xanthophyll neoxanthin has been reported to induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells by a mechanism that involves its accumulation into the mitochondria and a consequent loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and releas of cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor (Terasaki et al., 2007). 

Necrosis by LDH Mitochondrial transmembrane potential by DiOC6 and JC-1 fluorescence Apoptosis by cytochrome c release Annexin V binding DNA fragmentation by agarose gel electrophoresis... 

Zamzami, N., Marchetti, Ph., Castedo, M., Decaudin, D., Macho, A., Hirsch, T., Susin, S.A., Petit, P.X., Mignotte, B., and Kroemer, G., 1995, Sequential reduction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and generation of reactive oxygen species in early programmed cell death, J. Exp. Med. 182 367-377. 

Roberg, K., 2001, Relocalization ofcathepsin D and cytochrome c early in apoptosis revealed by immunoelectron microscopy. Lab. Invest. 81 149-158 Roberg, K., Johansson, U., and OUinger, K., 1999, Lysosomal release of cathepsin D precedes relocation of cytochrome c and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential during apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. Free Radio. Biol. Med. 27 1228-1237 Roberg, K. and OUinger, K., 1998, Oxidative stress causes relocation of the lysosomal... 

F. P. Wachs, R. C. Krieg, C. M. Rodrigues, H. Messmann, F. Kullmann, R. Knuchel-Clarke, J. Scholmerich, G. Rogler and K. Schlottmann, Bile salt-induced apoptosis in human colon cancer cell lines involves the mitochondrial transmembrane potential but not the CD95 (Fas/Apo-1) receptor, Int. J. Colorectal Dis., 2005, 20(2), 103. 

Lizard, G., Miguet, C., Bessede, G., Monier, S., Gueldry, S., Neel, D., Gambert, P. 2000. Impairment with various antioxidants of the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and of the cytosolic release of cytochrome c occurring during 7-ketocholesterol-induced apoptosis. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 28, 743-753. 

N. Zamzami, P. Marchetd, M. Castedo, D. Decaudin, A. Machtt, T. Hirsch, et d. Sequential reduction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and generation of teactive oxygen lecies in early programmed cell death. J Ex/>Alc[Pg.247]

Zamzami N, Marchetti P, Castedo M, HirschT, Susin SA, Masse B, Kroemer G. Inhibitors of permeability transition interfere with the disruption of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential during apoptosis. FEBS Lett 1996 384 53-57. 

Bossy-Wetzel E, Newmeyer D, Green D. Mitochondrial cytochrome c release in apoptosis occurs upstream of DEVD-specific caspase activation and independently of mitochondrial transmembrane depolarization. EMBO J 1997 17 37-49. 

Hydrogen peroxide (H202) is cytotoxic. In one study, treatment of PC 12 cells with H202 resulted in nuclear damage, decrease in the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, increase in ROS formation and depletion of... 

Rodrigues, C.M., Fan, G., Wong, P.Y., Kren, B.T., and Steer, C.J. (1998) Ursodeoxycholic acid may inhibit deoxycholic acid-induced apoptosis by modulating mitochondrial transmembrane potential and reactive oxygen species production. Molecular Medicine, 4 (3), 165-178. 

Biapigenin (153) is neuroprotective against excitotoxic insults. The observed neuroprotection was correlated with prevention of delayed calcium deregulation and with the maintenance of mitochondrial transmembrane electric potential. Biapigenin was also able to significantly affect mitochondrial bioenergetics and decreased the capacity of mitochondria to accumulate calcium. 

Based on the results obtained in this study and biochemical characterization, we constructed a mode of action as shown in Figure 20.5. Gold (III) porphyrin la caused depletion of mitochondrial transmembrane potential soon after cellular uptake (within... 

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