Miscellaneous oxidation reactions

Miscellaneous reactions Oxidation at sulfur atoms Radical reactions... 

Miscellaneous Reactions. Ahyl alcohol can be isomerized to propionaldehyde [123-38-6] in the presence of sohd acid catalyst at 200—300°C. When copper or alumina is used as the catalyst, only propionaldehyde is obtained, because of intramolecular hydrogen transfer. On the other hand, acrolein and hydrogen are produced by a zinc oxide catalyst. In this case, it is considered that propionaldehyde is obtained mainly by intermolecular hydrogen transfer between ahyl alcohol and acrolein (31). 

Miscellaneous Reactions. Ethylene oxide is considered an environmental pollutant. A study has determined the half-life of ethylene oxide ia the atmosphere (82,83). Autodecomposition of ethylene oxide vapor occurs at - 500° C at 101.3 kPa (1 atm) to give methane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and ethane (84—86). 

Nucleophilic substitution 313 Nucleophilic addition 337 Hydrogen-abstraction reactions 343 Carbene generation 355 Oxidation reactions 356 Reduction reactions 358 Miscellaneous reactions 360... 

The Oxidation of Amines and Alcohols The Disproportionation of Hydroxylamine Miscellaneous Reactions... 

Oxidation reactions (Continued) Miscellaneous reactions f-Butyl hydroperoxide-Dichlorotris-(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II), 54... 

Amidocarbonylation aldehydes, 11, 512 enamides, 11, 514 overview, 11, 511-555 Amido complexes with bis-Cp titanium, 4, 579 Group 4, surface chemistry on oxides, 12, 515 Group 5, surface chemistry on oxides, 12, 524 with molybdenum mono-Cp, 5, 556 with mono-Cp titanium(IV) alkane elimination, 4, 446 amine elimination, 4, 442 characteristics, 4, 413 via dehalosilylation reactions, 4, 448 HCL elimination, 4, 446 metathesis reactions, 4, 438 miscellaneous reactions, 4, 448 properties, 4, 437... 

Barbier-type reactions, 9, 433 in catalyzed C-C bond formation, 9, 438 in C-C bond formations, 9, 435 in C-heteroatom bond formations, 9, 440 with copper catalysts, 9, 442 non-catalyzed reactions, 9, 443 miscellaneous reactions, 9, 444 in oxidations, 9, 443 in reduction reactions, 9, 444 Bismuth(V) compounds... 

Kinetic and product isotope effect discrepancies 95 Oxidations by inorganic oxidants and quinones 95 Substituent effects on rates and equilibria 98 Miscellaneous reactions of dihydropyridines 101 Secondary hydrogen isotope effects 102 Theoretical studies 103 References 105... 

MISCELLANEOUS REACTIONS OF DIHYDROPYRIDINES Additional tests for net hydride transfers initiated by single-electron transfer include the use of substrates in which such pathways would necessarily involve readily ring-opened cyclopropylmethyl or readily cyclized 5-hexenyl radicals. Products from these radical reactions are not formed in NAD+/ NADH dependent enzymic reductions or oxidations (Maclnnes et al., 1982, 1983 Laurie et al., 1986 Chung and Park, 1982). Such tests have also been applied in non-enzymic reductions. Thus cyclopropane rings in cyclopropyl 2-pyridyl ketones, or imines of formylcyclopropane (van Niel and Pandit, 1983, 1985 Meijer et al., 1984) survive Mg+2 catalysed reduction by BNAH or Hantzsch esters but are opened by treatment with tributylin hydride. 

Acetoxylation. Transformations of Carbonyl Compounds. Phenolic Oxidation. Oxidation of Nitrogen Compounds. Hypervalent iodine Reagents in Combination with Azido Compounds. DIB and Sodium Azide in Combination with Other Reagents. Transformations of Alkynes Involving Thiophenols and Diphenyl Diselenide. Miscellaneous Reactions. 

Organic isocyanates and isothiocyanates as well as nitric oxide insert similady (412). Carbon monoxide inserts to yield very stable acyltitamums (412,413). Miscellaneous Reactions of CpfTi Derivatives. Coupling of fluxional pentadienide ion with allyl bromide is regiospecificatly catalyzed by Cp2TiCl2 (414,415). In contrast, cuprous chloride gives the linear triene ... 

Electrophilic Addition Other Addition Reactions Reduction of Unsaturated Steroids Oxidation and Dehydrogenation Miscellaneous Reactions... 

In some miscellaneous reactions (rj -Cp ) [>/ -(Me3Si)2Cp]TaCl2 reacts with PCI5 to give the corresponding Ta(V) trichloride HCl oxidatively adds to the Ta(III) alkylidene complex, Ta(CHt-Bu) (PMe3)4Cl, in poor yield ... 

Miscellaneous Reactions. So-called Oxidation-Wittig conditions , where a primary alcohol is oxidised using manganese dioxide in the presence of a stabilised ylide, have been applied for the first time to unactivated alcohols, producing a, 3-unsaturated esters in high yields (Scheme 18). Fluorenyl-... 

Miscellaneous reactions which involve the cyclization of one component to an aziridine by a polar reaction include the electrochemical oxidative cyclization of / -(p-toluenesulfonyl) aminomalonates to 2,2-bis(carbomethoxy)-JV-(p-toluenesulfonyl)aziridines <88CL1065> and the bromonium ion-mediated cyclization of JV-propargyl acetamides to 2-(2-bromoalkylidene)aziridines... 

See insulin. (10) Miscellaneous reactions, e.g., oxidation of pentaerythritol to tris(hydroxymethyl)acetic acid conversion of the sulfur in gypsum to elemental sulfur via hydrogen sulfide clean-up of oil spills. 

Miscellaneous reactions. The sulfides are oxidized by an excess of e.g. hydrogen peroxide or 3-chloroperoxybenzolc acid to the corresponding sulfones. A controlled addition of peroxide yields a mixture of sulfoxide and sulfone products. The use of nitronium hexafluorophosphate or tetrafluoroborate to oxidize dlalkyl, aryl alkyl or dlaryl sulfides yields only the corresponding sulfoxide under extremely mild conditions (224). Sulfoxides may be further oxidized to the corresponding sulfones In good yield by the nitronium salts as well (225). 

C = carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions X = carbon—heteroatom bond-forming reactions O = oxidation R = reduction M = miscellaneous reactions. 

Miscellaneous Reactions.—-Mixed alkylalkoxydiphosphines (103) have been prepared from secondary phosphites and chlorophosphines under basic conditions the alternative reaction between secondary phosphine and chloro-phosphite gave much lower yields. Surprisingly, oxidation of (103) with... 

Structure CXXXVTI is compatible with several miscellaneous reactions and properties of tazettine. It accounts for the production of phenanthridine derivatives by zinc dust distillation (128a) and Oppen-auer oxidation (55) more satisfactorily than CXXXII. The double bond of tazettine is sufficiently removed from the nitrogen atom to have no effect on the basicity of the alkaloid. The allylic methyl ether may be cleaved with hydrochloric acid to a mixture of two epimeric allylic alcohols, tazettinol (CLI) and isotazettinol (CLII). Methylation of tazettinol afforded 0-methyltazettine methiodide, identical with that obtained by the methylation of tazettine. Under similar conditions, isotazettinol afforded the epimeric 0-methylisotazettine methiodide. Both methiodides gave 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-methylenedioxyben-... 

Miscellaneous reactions. Cyclization accompanies oxidation of an allene moiety as a result of the participation of an internal nitrogen nucleophile. "... 

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