Minichromosome maintenance

Shroyer KR, Homer P, Heinz D, et al. Validation of a novel immunocytochemical assay for topoisomerase II- and minichromosome maintenance protein 2 expression in cervical cytology. Cancer 2006 108 324-330. 

However, the packing of DNA into nucleosome-like structures is not unique to eukarya similar structures appear in archaea (reviewed in Reeve et al., 1997). Additionally, histones and minichromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) are widespread among eukarya and archaea and absent in prokarya, and the eukaryotic chromo domain has a structure that is highly reminiscent of archaeal histones that are involved in formation of archaeal chromatin (Ball et al., 1997). Consequently, it is possible that chromatin remodeling in eukaryotes is an elaboration of a similar cellular mechanism in archaea. 

Hendrickson M, Madine M, Dalton S, Gautier J. Phosphorylation of MCM4 by cdc2 protein kinase inhibits the activity of the minichromosome maintenance complex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1996 93 12223-12228. 

Moore BH, Gagle PT, Allen TC, et al. Topoisomerasae Il-alpha, minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2), and X-linked mammalian inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) expression in pleural diffuse malignant mesothelioma (PDMM) Possible role for chemotherapeutic intervention. Mod Pathol. 2008 21 347A. 

Shi J, Liu H, Wilkerson M, et al. Evaluation of pl6INK4a, minichromosome maintenance protein 2, DNA topoisomerase II alpha, ProEX C, and pl6INK4a/ProEX C in cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions. Hum Pathol. 2007 38 1335-1344. 

The various forms of electron microscopy (EM) have been used to examine structural features of nucleic acid-protein interactions. EM structures include protein interactions with the ribosome, an activator-dependent transcription initiation complex, the core editing complex in trypanosomatid mitochondria, human Dicer from the RISC complex showing that it has an L-shaped structure, the RNA editing complex from trypanosomes and loading of minichromosome maintenance proteins (Mcm2-7) onto DNA during DNA replication. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) with DNA attached to an electrode has been used to detect an A-C mismatch site, and to visualise the activity of an enzyme to detect hybridisation. " Cryo-EM (CEM) has also been... 

Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2) is involved in the control of DNA replication. The expression ofMCM2 starts in early Gi and is maintained throughout the cell cycle. MCM2 also has been shown to represent a suitable marker for cell proliferation [12, 16]. Aside from using markers that were expressed by the dividing cells, the visualization of experimentally administered bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU an S phase-specific marker, which incorporates into the DNA) allows the detection of newly formed cells. BrdU administration is mainly performed by intraperitoneal injection. 

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