Milky appearance

When initiator is first added the reaction medium remains clear while particles 10 to 20 nm in diameter are formed. As the reaction proceeds the particle size increases, giving the reaction medium a white milky appearance. When a thermal initiator, such as AIBN or benzoyl peroxide, is used the reaction is autocatalytic. This contrasts sharply with normal homogeneous polymerizations in which the rate of polymerization decreases monotonicaHy with time. Studies show that three propagation reactions occur simultaneously to account for the anomalous auto acceleration (17). These are chain growth in the continuous monomer phase chain growth of radicals that have precipitated from solution onto the particle surface and chain growth of radicals within the polymer particles (13,18). 

Phosphorus (white) [7723-14-0] M 31.0, m 590, d 1.82. Purified by melting under dilute H2S04" dichromate (possible carcinogen) mixture and allowed to stand for several days in the dark at room temperature. It remains liquid, and the initial milky appearance due to insoluble, oxidisable material gradually disappears. The phosporus can then be distilled under vacuum in the dark [Holmes Trans Faraday Soc 58 1916... 

Some polymers, although transparent, may have a cloudy or milky appearance, generally known as haze. It is often measured quantitatively as the amount of light deviating by more than 2.5 degrees from the transmitted beam direction. Haze is often the result of surface imperfections, particularly with thin films of low-density polyethylene. 

Id the esthnatiou of carracrol a slight modiheatioo of this method EDDst he made, because carvacrol le thiot n down as a finely diyided white precipitate, giving the solution a milky appearance, lu order to form a precipitate the liquid is vigorously shaken after the addiliou of iodiue solution, and is sntiseqnently filtered. Then the liquid ia acidn-lated with hydrochloric acid, aud subsequently the same procedure is followed as was described lor thymol. The calculatiou is also the same. 

The sulfur farmed is often very finely dispersed, which explains why aqueous solutions of hydrogen sulfide in contact with air have a milky appearance. 

Pipette 25 mL of the standard 0.1 M silver nitrate into a 250 mL conical flask, add 5mL of 6M nitric acid and 1 mL of the iron(III) indicator solution. Run in the potassium or ammonium thiocyanate solution from a burette. At first a white precipitate is produced, rendering the liquid of a milky appearance, and as each drop of thiocyanate falls in, it produces a reddish-brown cloud, which quickly disappears on shaking. As the end point approaches, the precipitate becomes flocculent and settles easily finally one drop of the thiocyanate solution produces a faint brown colour, which no longer disappears upon shaking. This is the end point. The indicator blank amounts to 0.01 mL ofO.lM silver nitrate. It is essential to shake vigorously during the titration in order to obtain correct results. ... 

Unsaturated polyesters that are terminated by carboxylic acid groups at both ends of the chain after neutralization are efficient emulsifiers for lipophilic monomers [110] and thus act as self-emulsifying crosslinking agents in the ECP of these systems. Normal emulsions of EUP and comonomers have a white, milky appearance. With an appropriate structure and molar mass of the EUP and within a certain range of EUP/comonomer ratios, however, microemulsions are... 

These regions scatter light, and the system has a milky appearance, known as critical opalescence. 

Why does hand cream lose its milky appearance during hand rubbing ... 

Soapy water often looks milky. This milky appearance indicates that a colloid has formed, with one phase suspended in another. But soapy water introduces another complexity whereas water containing a lot of soap does indeed have a cloudy aspect, dilute solutions of soap are not cloudy, but clear. We see this behaviour when washing our face in the sink (yielding a concentrated and, therefore, milky soap solution) or washing in a larger volume of water, such as a bath, when the water can remain clear. Whether or not a soap solution forms colloid depends on its concentration. 

Experiment.—Add three drops of glacial acetic acid to a mixture of five drops of phenylhydrazine and 5 c.c. of water. Then add two drops of benzaldehyde (on a glass rod) and shake. At first a milkiness appears, but very soon a flocculent precipitate of benzylidene-... 

The 20/80 PHBA/diol ratio oligomer was soluble in MIBK. The 30/70, 60/40, 50/50 and 40/60 oligomers form stable, milky dispersions in MIBK. For example, a roughly 12% "solution" of the 40/60 diol was slightly milky, yet it readily passed through fine filter paper (Whatman 42). A 70% dispersion of this oligomer in MIBK retained its milky appearance for more than one year. No precipitate separated. 

Toward the start of the emulsion polymerization, the reacting mixture often changes to a milky appearance with a sky blue edge to the outer surface. 

Caution. Owing to the poisonous nature of 3-bromo-l-propene, the following procedure must be carried out in a well-ventilated fume hood. No further 3-bromo-l-propene should be added until it is certain that the reaction with magnesium turnings, as evidenced by a slightly milky appearance of the diethyl ether solution, has been successfully initiated. 

Lipoproteins, especially chylomicrons, are at an elevated level in the blood after eating, especially after high-fat meals, and give blood serum a milky appearance. They are also elevated during or after tension (so-called... 

The combined filtrates are returned to the reaction vessel, and distillation with stirring is continued until virtually all the ethanol has been removed. The distillation is stopped when crystals of / -dithiane appear in the condenser or when dilution of the distillate with water causes a milky appearance or the formation of a small quantity of crystals. One liter of water is added to the residue, and the stirred mixture is distilled, using the apparatus... 

Dissolve 5 g. of cadmium sulfate in water, add about 5 cc. of ammonia, and precipitate the cadmium sulfide by a current of hydrogen sulfide. Wash the precipitate with pure water repeatedly (by decantation). Suspend it in pure water and conduct into the suspension a rapid current of hydrogen sulfide. The precipitate at first assumes a milky appearance and finally disappears. Boil the sol until the excess of hydrogen sulfide is driven off. 

Yellowish, milky appearance with a sweef and fruity taste. No sedimentation within two hours. 

When the alkali is neutralized, the mixture loses its milky appearance and forms definite layers. 

PP usually has a milky appearance (particularly when empty). However, the contact clarity is really quite remarkable, making a filled bottle look attractive. Full shrink-sleeve decoration changes the whole visual impact if total clarity is an issue and PET proves not to be suitable (e.g. for oxygen-sensitive products). 

Grains which had a milky appearance because of the precipitation of the colloid during the water-dry treatment. This result follows if the grains contain more than 7 or 7.5% of ether-alcohol when they are submitted to water-drying. 

An emulsion readily mixes with a liquid that is miscible with the continuous phase. Thus, milk (O/W) can be diluted with water while mayonnaise (W/O) can be diluted with oil. Usually, an emulsion that retains a uniform and milky appearance when greatly diluted is more stable than one that aggregates upon dilution [96],... 

Add Solution B to Solution A then add Solution C. Finally add 105.0 grams of potassium alum and heat the bath to the boiling point or until sulfurization takes place (indicated by a milky appearance of the solution). Tone prints 20 to 60 minutes at 110F/43C to 125F/52C. Agitate prints occasionally until toning is complete. 

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