Contact clarity

PP usually has a milky appearance (particularly when empty). However, the contact clarity is really quite remarkable, making a filled bottle look attractive. Full shrink-sleeve decoration changes the whole visual impact if total clarity is an issue and PET proves not to be suitable (e.g. for oxygen-sensitive products). 

Polypropylene Autoclavibility, contact clarity Syringes, specimen collection cups... 

Homopolymers are made in a single reactor with propylene and catalyst. It is the stiffest of the three propylene types and has the highest tensile strength at yield. In the natural state (no colorant added) it is translucent and has excellent see through or contact clarity with liquids. In comparison to the other two types it has less impact resistance, especially below O C. 

Polypropylene, however, is used for many extrusion blow molded bottles, such as those that contain pancake syrup. Polypropylene bottles offer an advantage in hot-filling capability. Also, PP, even homopolymer, provides good contact clarity. The clarity of random copolymers is even better. Tbe MFR of choice for both homopolymers and random copolymers is generally about 2 g/10 min. 

The speciality polyolefin alloys are soft and flexible, halogen-free and plasticizer-free, good contact clarity, sterilizable, heat or radiofrequency sealable, good barrier properties, excellent chemical or solvent resistance, comply wit USP class VI, environmentally safe for disposition, ease of fabrication, and cost effective. Rxloy products, developed by Ferro Corporation, find medical applications in fluid administration, prefilled containers, blood bags, flexible containers, urine collection bags, and dry bags. These applications are from Rxloy FFS (form/fill/seal) and RF (radio fre-... 

A variation to the top-feed dmm filter is the dual dmm filter which uses two dmms of the same size in contact with each other and rotating in opposite directions. The feed enters into the V-shaped space formed on top of the two dmms and the cake that starts forming initially contains coarser particles due to the settling which takes place in the feed zone. This is beneficial to the clarity of the filtrate because the coarser particles act as a precoat. Erom the point of view, however, of the final moisture content of the cake the stratification of the soHds in the cake may lead to somewhat wetter cakes. Utilization of the area of the dmms is poor since there are dead spaces under the two dmms. The primary appHcation of the dual dmm filters is in dewatering coarse mineral or coal suspensions at feed concentrations greater than 200 kg/m. ... 

Oridation. This is caused by contact with oxidising acids, exposure to u-v, prolonged application of excessive heat, or exposure to weathering. It results in a deterioration of mechanical properties (embrittlement and possibly stress cracking), increase in power factor, and loss of clarity. It affects most thermoplastics to varying degrees, in particular polyolefins, PVC, nylons, and cellulose derivatives. 

In disinfection of instruments, the chemicals used must not adversely affect the instruments, e.g. cause corrosion of metals, affect clarity or integrity of lenses, or change texture of synthetic polymers. Many materials such as fabrics, rubber, plastics are capable of adsorbing certain disinfectants, e.g. quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), are adsorbed by fabrics, while phenolics are adsorbed by rubber, the consequence ofthis being a reduction in concentration of active compound. A disinfectant can only exert its effect ifit is in contact with the item being treated. Therefore access to all parts of an instrument or piece of equipment is essential. For small items, total immersion in the disinfectant must also be ensured. 

Figure 32 The structure of [2,4-(Me)2C6H3(CH2)Na OLi(TMEDA)]4 402. Hydrogen atoms and arene contacts have been omitted for clarity.

Particle size of the silica and tight control of its size distribution decides the ability of the compounded silicone rubber to be optically clear, even at quite high levels of addition. This feature can be used to advantage in a number of medical applications such as intraocular and contact lenses, medical tubing, flexible lights and a number of other industrial applications where sustained clarity of transparency is important. 

Fig. 3.1-3. Crystal structures of the binary alkali metal suboxides (a) [Rb902], (b) [Csnn03], (c) [Rb902]Rb3(Rb60), (d) [Csn03]Csio(Cs70), and (e) [Csn03]Cs(Cs40). O atoms drawn as small spheres, for clarity only M-M contacts in the clusters outlined.

O atoms drawn as small spheres, for clarity only M-M contacts in the clusters outlined. 

SAN (70% styrene, 30% acrylonitrile) has better heat and chemical resistance and is stiffer than PS. The optical clarity is not as good. SAN is used in a variety of houseware applications, particularly those things that will come in contact with food (chemical attack) and those that will end up in a dishwasher (heat attack). Coffee pots and throwaway tableware are good examples. 

Fig. 32a and b. The conformation of the ligand 5c in its thiourea complex and the disorder of the chain ends. Side view of the 5e-thiourea complex showing hydrogen bond contacts (parts of the aliphatic chain have been omitted for clarity)421... 

Figure 2.69 Mixed Au-Ag nine-membered ring (a) and association ofthe molecules (substituents have been omitted for clarity) through gold-gold contacts (b).

Figure 18-8 Stereoscopic ribbon diagrams of the chicken bc1 complex (A) The native dimer. The molecular twofold axis runs vertically between the two monomers. Quinones, phospholipids, and detergent molecules are not shown for clarity. The presumed membrane bilayer is represented by a gray band. (B) Isolated close-up view of the two conformations of the Rieske protein (top and long helix at right) in contact with cytochrome b (below), with associated heme groups and bound inhibitors, stigmatellin, and antimycin. The isolated heme of cytochrome c, (left, above) is also shown. (C) Structure of the intermembrane (external surface) domains of the chicken bcx complex. This is viewed from within the membrane, with the transmembrane helices truncated at roughly the membrane surface. Ball-and-stick models represent the heme group of cytochrome cy the Rieske iron-sulfur cluster, and the disulfide cysteines of subunit 8. SU, subunit cyt, cytochrome. From Zhang et al.105...

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