Micropatteming

Covalent immobilization of proteins on nricrostmctured gold surfaces was studied in [226]. On Arese substrates, which were prepared by pCP aird etching. Are immobilization sites of proteins could be spatially controlled using air amino-reactive SAM. The whole process, i.e. production of Are micropattemed substrate including SAM exchairge aird protein immobilization, took a reasonably small amount of time ( 24 h), providing some flexibility in the experimental work. 

In the following, two types of dissipative stmctures are explained in more detail, because they can be used to produce nano- and micropattems of organic materials. 

Micropatteming fluid hpid bilayers on sohd supports. Science, 275, 651—653. 

Fabrication approaches have been previously used in two-dimensional (2D) micropattemed model systems and have led to insights on the effect of cell-cell and cell-polymer scaffold interactions on hepatocyte and endothelial cell fate. Extending these studies, the application of 3D fabrication techniques may also prove useful for studying structure-function relationships in model tissues. 

Yamauchi F, Kato K, Iwata H (2004) Micropattemed, self-assembled monolayers for fabrication of transfected cell microarrays. Biochim Biophys Acta 1672 138-147... 

Kato K, Sato H, Iwata H (2005) Immobilization of histidine-tagged recombinant proteins onto micropattemed surfaces for cell-based functional assays. Langmuir 21 7071-7075... 

Lehnert D, Wehrle-Haller B, David C, Weiland U, Ballestrem C, Imhof BA, Bastmeyer M (2004) Cell behaviour on micropattemed substrata limits of extracellular matrix geometry for spreading and adhesion. J Cell Sci 117 41-52... 

C Kim, PE Burrows, and SR Forrest, Micropatteming of organic electronic devices by cold-welding, Science, 288 831-833, 2000. 

Figure 22. Human embryonic kidney cells (A), rat vascular smooth muscle cells (B, C) and human osteoblast-like MG 63 cells (D) in cultures on micropattemed surfaces. A, B PTFE irradiated with UV light produced by a Xe2 -excimer lamp for 30 min in an ammonia atmosphere through a mask with holes 100 pm in diameter and center-to-center distance 300 pm C PE irradiated with Ar ions (energy 150 keV, ion dose lO ions/cm ) through a mask with holes 100 pm in diameter and center-to-center distance 200 pm fullerenes Qo deposited through a mask with rectangular holes with an average size of 128 3 pm per 98 8 pm on glass coverslips. Day 7 after seeding. A native cells in an inverted phase-contrast microscope B, C cells stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Olympus microscope IX 50 D cells stained with fluorescence-based LIVE/DEAD viability/cytotoxicity kit (Invitrogen), Olympus microscope IX 50. Bars 300 pm (A), 200 pm (B, D), Imm (C) [10,11].

Fig. 8 Illustration of a gradient micropattem library. The central band of the library exhibits a micropattem that gradually changes the chemical differences between the striped domains and the matrix until the surface is chemically homogeneous. The bands on the top and bottom of the library are the calibration fields for static matrix and gradient respectively. 7 is surface energy...

Julthongpiput D, Fasolka MJ, Zhang WH, Nguyen T, Amis EJ (2005) Gradient chemical micropattems a reference substrate for surface nanometrology. Nano Lett 5 1535-1540... 

Julthongpiput D, Zhang W, Douglas JF, Karim A, Fasolka MJ (2007) Pattern-directed to isotropic dewetting transition in polymer films on micropattemed surfaces with differential surface energy contrast. Soft Matter 3 613-618... 

Park J, Hammond PT. Multilayer transfer printing for polyelectrolyte multilayer patterning direct transfer of layer-hy-layer assembled micropattemed thin films. Adv Mater 2004 16 520-525. 

Figure 12.11 Strategies for immobilization of diacetylene liposomes on micropattemed glass substrates (a) immobilization after polymerization of monomeric liposomes and (b) polymerization after immobilization of monomeric liposomes. Reprinted from Shim et al. (2004). Copyright 2004 Elsevier Science. (See color insert.)...

MIP features down to 1.5 pm on 4-in silicon wafers was reached (Fig. 6). A wide range of micrometric patterns with different geometries can be obtained, such as lines, spirals, circle matrices, and circular, squared, or hexagonal patterns (Fig. 6 bottom). Multiplexed chips containing three different polymers were also fabricated, paving the road to mass production of biomimetic chips. Fluorescence microscopy was used to test for the binding of fluorescent model analyte to the micropattems. 

Byme et al. [124] have shown the possibility of creating imprinted polymer ordered micropattems, of a variety of shapes and dimensions, on polymer and silicon substrates using iniferters and photopolymerization. They applied this approach to the recognition of D-glucose using copolymer networks containing poly(ethylene glycol) and functional monomers such as acrylic acid, 2-hydro-xyethyl methacrylate, and acrylamide. 

Chiche A, Stafford CM, Cabral JT (2008) Complex micropatteming of periodic structures on elastomeric surfaces. Soft Matter 4 2360-2364... 

Folch, A., Toner, M., Cellular micropattems on biocompatible materials. Biotechnol. Prog. 1998, 14, 388-392. 

Hold on at the Right Spot Bioactive Surfaces for the Design of Live-Cell Micropattems... 

Nelson CM, Raghavan S, Tan JL et al (2003) Degradation of micropattemed surfaces by cell-dependent and -independent processes. Langmuir 19(5) 1493-1499... 

Tourovskaia A, Barber T, Wickes BT et al (2003) Micropattems of chemisorbed cell adhesion-repellent films using oxygen plasma etching and elastomeric masks. Langmuir 19(11) 4754-4764... 

Chen CS, Mrksich M, Huang S et al (1998) Micropattemed surfaces for control of cell shape, position, and function. Biotechnol Prog 14(3) 356—363... 

Kikuchi K, Sumaru K, Edahiro JI et al (2009) Stepwise assembly of micropattemed cocultures using photoresponsive culture surfaces and its application to hepatic tissue arrays. Biotechnol Bioeng 103(3) 552—561... 

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