Oils from microorganisms

Elgayyar, M., Draughon, F.A., Golden, D.A. and Mount, J.R. (2001) Antimicrobial activity of essential oils from plants against selected pathogenic and saprophytic microorganisms. Journal of Food Protection 64(7), 1019-1 024. 

Biological methods involve helpful microorganisms that break down, or biodegrade, the excess oil. Mechanical methods depend on machines that physically separate spilled oil from the environment. For example, barriers and booms are used to contain an oil spill and prevent it from spreading. Materials such as sawdust are sprinkled on a spill to soak up the oil. 

Colin Ratledge Lipid Research Centre, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom, Oils from Microorganisms. 

James P. Wynn Martek Biosciences Corporation, Columbia, Maryland, Oils from Microorganisms. 

The essential oil from another Achillea species, Achillea sintenisii, was assayed for its antimicrobial activities against 12 bacteria and 2 yeasts [26]. The oil was found to be active against some of the test microorganisms studied. The analysis of the oil revealed that the main components, e.g., camphor. Fig. (1) and eucalyptol, possessed appreciable activity against Candida albicans and Clostridium perfringens. The antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Achillea setacea W. K. and Achillea teretifolia Willd. were individually evaluated against 14... 

Research has been done on other ways of recovering shale oil from Its rock, for example by extraction with solvents or by the action of microorganisms. No method other than heating has shown any real potential for commercial application. 

So far, only heating has been demonstrated to have potential for recovering oil from shale on a commercial scale. Exploratory RAD on other recovery techniques such as action of microorganisms,... 

The focus of the work of many of the articles published in the last 10 years by researchers in the field of essential oil biological activity is on the activity to inhibit microorganisms. Over a third (out of 220) of the articles obtained from a recent literature search dealt with antimicrobial activity, either against bacteria or fungi or both. Essential oil activity for the inhibition of bacteria and/or fungi was determined, usually followed by an investigation of the activity of the individual components. Sometimes the activities associated with the essential oils from various plant varieties, with different amounts of constituents, were compared. 

These compounds are also important constituents of the aroma of tomatoes, tea, strawberry, oUve oil, grape, apples, and pear. Moreover, plant essential oils, composed mainly by terpenoids, were extensively studied for their antimicrobial activity against many microorganisms including several pathogens. In particular, the activity of oils from Labiatae and citrus fruits were investigated. 

Documented effects In an evalnation for antimicrobial activity, essential oils from the related species Mentha longifolia ssp. longifolia and Mentha sylvestris L. exhibited activity against 30 different microorganisms including Bacillus subtilis. Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens and Aspergilus oryzae (Carvalho et al. 1999 Gulluce et al. 2007). 

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