Microcircuits silicon

Raman spectrometry is another variant which has become important. To quote one expert (Purcell 1993), In 1928, the Indian physicist C.V. Raman (later the first Indian Nobel prizewinner) reported the discovery of frequency-shifted lines in the scattered light of transparent substances. The shifted lines, Raman announced, were independent of the exciting radiation and characteristic of the sample itself. It appears that Raman was motivated by a passion to understand the deep blue colour of the Mediterranean. The many uses of this technique include examination of polymers and of silicon for microcircuits (using an exciting wavelength to which silicon is transparent). 

When asked, Where has colloidal silica been used Charles C. Payne answers that a more pertinent question is, Where hasn t it been used (Chapter 54). This question applies also to silica in general. From the caves of Cro-Magnon and Altamira, where flint was used to make early tools and weapons, to Silicon Valley, where colloidal silica is used to polish sophisticated microcircuit parts, and to outer space, where silica has been used to help in the safe reentry of space vehicles, silica has played a role in the development of Western, and for that matter, world civilization. 

In assembling hybrid microcircuits or multichip modules, ceramic interconnect substrates fabricated using thin-film or thick-film processes are attached to the inside base of a ceramic or metal package. Generally, film adhesives that have been cut to size are used to attach large substrates (greater than 1-inch square) while either paste or film adhesives may be used for smaller substrates. Substrates may be alumina, beryllia, aluminum nitride, or silicon. 

Use of silicone gel particle getters for microcircuit packaging. In Proc. ISHM 1985. Application Note 0503, Pike Technologies, www.piketech.com. 

Use of Silicone Gel Particle Getters for Microcircuit Packaging, Proc. ISHM (1985)... 

Fig. 3.11. Application of a high-purity silicone coating to protect telecommunication microcircuits. (Western Electric Co.)...

The critical applications in the electronics industry are the production of ultra-pure water for the washing of semi-conductor material (silicon chips), and the cleaning of the chemical fluids (liquid and gaseous) used in their manufacture. The object of an ultra-pure water plant for semi-conductor manufacture is to produce water as close to the theoretical purity as possible. Users of ultra-pure water should take all steps possible to ensure that the filters selected meet the highest standards of quality and performance. Every fluid that comes into contact with integrated circuit surfaces is a potential sonrce of the contamination that will affect yields. For this reason, filtration of these fluids at the point of use is essential to obtain high yields. All chemicals that contact microcircuits should be filtered to a level of at least 0.2 pm. 

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