Microbial degradation, effect

Density and flexural modulus, 205 Density, 53, 54, 57, 59, 63, 69-71, 73,105, 124, 134, 137, 146, 147, 154, 202-223, 258, 384, 414, 500, 567, 569, 571 Buckling, effect on, 209 calculations, 217 commercial deck boards, 215 cross-sectional, 212, 213 distribution, 212, 213 hollow board, 212, 213 flexural modulus, correlation with, 205 microbial contamination, effect on, 210 microbial degradation, effect on, 210 moisture content, effect of, 209 panels of hollow boards, 212, 213 ribs of hollow boards, 212, 213... 

Acarbose and Miglitol These agents are specific inhibitors of intestinal glucosidases and reduce the conversion of sucrose and starch to glucose. Their main effect is a delay, not a complete inhibition, of the absorption of carbohydrates. Postprandial blood sugar excursions are effectively reduced. Because a small portion of the carbohydrates enters the colon, their microbial degradation frequently causes flatulence or... 

Microbial contaminants will usually need to be able to attack ingredients of a medicine and create substrates necessary for biosynthesis and energy production before they can replicate to levels where obvious spoilage becomes apparent since, for example, 10 microbes will have an overall degradative effect around 10 time faster than one cell. However, growth and attack may well be localized in surface moisture films or very unevenly distributed within the bulk of viscous formulations such as creams. Early... 

In soil, the chances that any enzyme will retain its activity are very slim indeed, because inactivation can occur by denaturation, microbial degradation, and sorption (61,62), although it is possible that sorption may protect an enzyme from microbial degradation or chemical hydrolysis and retain its activity. The nature of most enzymes, particularly size and charge characteristics, is such that they would have very low mobility in soils, so that if a secreted enzyme is to have any effect, it must operate close to the point of secretion and its substrate must be able to diffuse to the enzyme. Secretory acid phosphatase was found to be produced in response to P-deficiency stress by epidermal cells of the main tap roots of white lupin and in the cell walls and intercellular spaces of lateral roots (63). Such apoplastic phosphatase is safe from soil but can be effective only when presented with soluble organophosphates, which are often present in the soil. solution (64). However, because the phosphatase activity in the rhizo-sphere originates from a number of sources (65), mostly microbial, and is much higher in the rhizosphere than in bulk soil (66), it seems curious that plants would have a need to secrete phosphatase at all. 

There was little difference in response between the two weed species to gHBA (a 30% inhibition at 8 mM for (Z. album versus 27% for A. retroflexus). There was no significant interaction effect on HL between the two compounds (F = 0.97, P > F 0.50). The difference in sensitivity of the weed species to the two compounds could have been due to the duration of the experiments (8 days for C. album versus 60 hr for A. retroflexus). The longer duration may have resulted in a lower concentration of the compound because of microbial degradation. 

Said, W.A. and Lewis, D.L., Quantitative assessment of the effects of metals on microbial degradation of organic chemicals, Appl Environ Microbiol, 57 (5), 1498-1503, 1991. 

The first effect of paper mill wastewater discharge is the depletion of oxygen in the receiving waters, caused by oxygen-consuming microbial degradation of... 

Volkering, F., Breure, A. M., Sterkenburg, A. and van Andel, J. G. (1992). Microbial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons effect of substrate availability on bacterial growth kinetics, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 36, 548-552. 

Chapman RA, Tolman JH, Cole C. 1994a. The effect of multiple soil applications of disulfoton 011 enhanced microbial degradation in soil and subsequent uptake of insecticidal chemicals by potato plants. J Environ Sci Health Part B Pest Food Contamin Agric 29(3) 485-506. 

Due to its gaseous nature it may have an effect on the stratospheric ozone layer [281, 402, 404]. After injection into soil for fumigation, methyl bromide rapidly diffuses through the soil pore space to the soil surface and then into the atmosphere [159,162,163,405,406]. Since a plastic sheet typically covers the soil surface, the rate of emission into the atmosphere depends upon the thickness and density of the plastic, if other conditions are the same [159, 406]. Other routes of disappearance from soil include chemical hydrolysis, methylation to soil organic matter through free radical reactions, and microbial degradation [ 136,159,405,407]. Several reports appeared on the study of the microbial transformations of methyl bromide, summarized as follows ... 

Another research project at Colorado State University (FEDRIP 1994) will study the microbial degradation kinetics of pollutant mixtures, which will include chloroform. One aspect of this research will focus on both the degradation of chloroform as well as its inhibitory effects when present above certain threshold concentrations. 

Alexander, M. and Lustigman, B.K. Effects of chemical structure on microbial degradation of substituted benzenes, /. Agric. Food Chem., 14(4) 410-413, 1966. 

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